" A Journal of the most remarkable Transactions and Occurrences at York Fort from 21st September 1779 to 13th September 1780 by Mr Humphrey Marten Chief."
[Cover]

" York Fort Hudsons Bay North America
A Journal of the principal transactions and Occurrences done and happening at the said Fort commencing September the 21st 1779 and ending Sept. 13th 1780 kept by Humphry Marten Chief Factor at York Fort for the Honorable the Hudsons Bay Company."

Sept. 21 1779
" Tuesday Wind variable from WBN to NE blows fresh and cloudy weather. Armourer stocking a Gun. Bricklayer pointing the new flanker. Andrew Garratt and Will. Guthrie with four Men at work on the Cabbins of said flanker. Shipwright caulking ditto Smith making Hooks & Hinges for ditto. Taylors at work for the Men. Cooper making Rundlets for Inland. two Men setting Netts for fish. the rest sorting and stowing timber got ready a Pacquet for Churchill."

Sept. 22
" Wednesday almost a storm of wind SWerly the weather cloudy with some Rain. two Brewing the rest employed as Yesterday. 30 Tittimeg from the Netts. too bad weather for the Churchill Indians to return."

Sept. 23
" Thursday Wind variable from WSW to NW the weather clear. Wm. Lockey and three Seamen unrigging part of the Craft two Men sawing Plank and quartering. two cleaning and resetting Netts two Brewing the rest as on Tuesday last. Eight Tittomeg from the Netts, the Churchill Indians returned with letters for that place."

Sept. 24
" Friday Wind variable from NW to SE clear fine weather. Sent 12 Men in three Boats for Hay brought all; the rest employed as on Tuesday last. two Canoes brought in floats 14 Doe Deer 5 Buck do. 17 Tongues, 19 Briskets, 19 Heads, 10 Hearts of Deer, 61 fish from the Netts. Walter Bigger of no manner of Service received a Letter from Walter Bigger and answer'd it."

Sept. 25
" Saturday Wind NE blows strong cloudy weather. All the Tradesmen employed as Yesterday the rest stacking Hay. two Indians brought 30 Geese. 10 fish from the Netts, took them all up to dry."

Sept. 26
" Sunday Wind variable Northerly cloudy thick weather blows hard. At 1/2 past 10 saw a Sail on the Et ern Shore on which we hoisted our flag and fired four 12 Pounders. soon after we lost sight of her made all ready for receiving the Cargo."

Sept. 27
" Monday Wind variable from NW to NE cloudy weather. Armourer cleaning setting Guns. Bricklayer pointing the new flanker. Garratt and Guthrie with two Men making Cabbins, and the Shipwright caulking the new flanker. Cooper mending Sledges. Smith Jobbing. Taylors at work for the Men. laid up the Shallop in her winter Birth and Sent Wm Lockey to take up the Buoys. the Steward mending Netts. Sent a Boat and four Men to the Hay Island for the Horse and Cart. At 7 OClock this morning observ'd a Vefsel a ground on the Et ern Shore on which I order'd Mr Lockey to speak to her and give her all the afsitance in his Power, but to be strictly on his guard to prevent a surprize. At 5 PM the Vefsel was still aground. shall dispatch two Cutters to her afsistance to morrow morning a Smart frost last night."

Sept. 28
" Tuesday Wind variable NEerly in the Morning light Snow. At 6 AM sent 10 Men in two Cutters to afsist the Vefsel in case she should want lightening. gave Orders to the Men to be cautious in appoaching her, except they knew her to be the Charlotte from Prince Wales Fort if so to give her immediate afsistance. soon after it being somewhat clearer, Observed the Vefsel to the Northward of the five fathom Sand; distance from the fort about 10 Miles. At 10 AM she made a friendly Signal, and about Noon anchor'd abreast the fort. Mr Holt soon after came on Shore, said he had met with much Heavy Ice, had a dangerous pafsage, but had not been aground, that the Charlotte had mifsed Stays twice; and he was oblidged to bring up, said there was not the least prospect of returning to Prince Wale's fort; had not brought any Provisions from Churchill for their Winter support and consequently they must rely entirely on York Fort for food A Heavy Charge indeed; Neither Beef nor Pork were indented for, and the Indent of Bacon tho' not more than 500 lbs: Yet 302 lbs was thought sufficient for 62 Men Severn House was indulged with 711 lbs tho' only Eighteen Persons are at it; Entertained Thomas Dunch Carpenter, Alex. McCorrest Armourer, James Elphingston Writer, William Folster, Thomas Tate, Tho. Johnston, George Rofs, Jn. Houston and Jn. Irvin Labourers."

Sept. 29
" Wednesday Wind variable from NW to SW weather part clear part cloudy. All the Tradesmen employed as Yesterday, the rest afsisting in unloading the Charlotte Sloop. several Indians came to take debt they brought 12 Doe and 4 Buck Deer 50 Tongues 20 Heads, 10 Hearts, 80 lbs of fatt 10 sides of dried Deer, 6 do. Moose."

Sept. 30
" Thursday Wind variable from ENE to SE Cloudy weather. Sent Edward Umfreville Wm. Flatt and Rob. Flatt to the french Creek to fish and hunt provisions and trap what they can catch. Wm. Lockey and two Men laid up the Whale Sloop in her Winter Birth, the rest employed as Yesterday. many Indians went away. Honorable Gentlemen through the hurry of Businefs on Tuesday last. I forgot to inform you that Walter Bigger that day made his submifsion to Your Chief and Council signed by his own hand owning his faults and promising amendment on which he was again taken on the list of Servants as Sawyer and Labourer at £ 20 pr Annum after having been off of duty from the 16th of August to the 28th Instant."

Oct. 1 1779
" Friday Wind Eerly with Rain. Armourer cleaning setting Guns. Bricklayer and Bigger sawing boards Garratt Guthrie and two Men at work in the new flanker Cooper mending Sledges. Taylors at work for the Men Smiths making Spikes those that came out being so very thick as to split whatever they are drove into. Wm. Lockey and three Men unrigging the Craft two writing the Cook Steward and Cowkeeper as usual the rest breaking lime Stones."

Oct. 2
" Saturday Wind as yesterday weather mostly Cloudy. All hands employed as Yesterday. Mr Holt and myself went to the Marsh to pitch on a place to lay the Sloop during the winter and fixed on a proper place."

Oct. 3
" Sunday Wind variable from NW to NE and back again at times blew strong with Rain. Divine Service for the day."

Oct. 4
" Monday Wind variable from NW back to WSW the weather part clear part cloudy. Armourer cleaning hunting Guns Bricklayer and 10 Men breaking Lime Stones Garratt Guthrie and One Man at work on Cabbins in the new flanker. Bigger helving hatchets both Smiths Jobbing Sent four Men to afsist Mr Holt in laying ways for the Charlotte Sloop to winter on Lockey and two Mem getting ready to go to Pennycutaway a hunting the rest variously employed."

Oct. 5
" Tuesday Wind variable Swerly clear fine weather. All hands employed much the same as Yesterday. the ways being laid our men returned."

Oct. 6
" Wednesday A fresh Gale at SW clear moderate weather. Myself and 6 Men overhauling the Goods packed for England in Bundles and stowing them properly for the winter. Also drying and packing Deer Skins, the rest employed as on Monday last
Your Honor's will please to take notice that Thomas Dunch on his arrival at York fort was totally incapable of doing any duties and remains an Object much fitter for an Hospital than for this part of the world."

Oct. 7
" Thursday Wind variable SWerly the weather in the morning Clear. Mr George Holt sent to the fort with their bedding Hugh and Thomas Linklitter. Sixteen Men preparing for the woods And three to hunt and fish. All the Tradesmen employed as on Monday last the rest variously employed. Your Honors will please to take Notice that this day was open'd a parcel of leaf Tobacco. said in the Invoice to Weigh 500 nett lbs but in truth weigh'd not more than 284lbs. Our fall trade being now over I find there hath been traded at this fort since the closing of the Books 1180 5/6 made Beaver."

Oct. 8
" Friday Wind variable from NNE to NW rain all day long. Armourer cleaning guns. Bricklayer altering the new Chimney. Cooper making Rundlets for Inland. Tho. Dunch bad with the scurvy. the other Carpenters at work in the new flanker. Shipwright bad with a sore leg. Taylor at work for the Men. 16 Men getting things ready to go to the Woods and three to go a hunting two Brewing Steward serving Seven weeks provisions to the Wooders and Hunters. The rest variously employed."

Oct. 9
" Saturday A hard Gale NWerly with Rain. the Charlotte Sloop being laid on her ways. I sent 12 Men in two Boats to afsist in getting Stones into her. the rest employed as Yesterday."

Oct. 10
" Sunday Wind NW the weather cloudy with some Snow. Divine Service for the day. a Canoe came with 3 green Beaver: and a Rump of Venison."

Oct. 11
" Monday Wind NW the weather clear till 6 PM when Snow. Armourer cleaning Hunting Guns. Bricklayer and Bigger sawing boards Garratt and Guthrie making Cabbins in the new flanker Smiths making Spikes Taylors at work for the Men Sent 16 Men to the woods, and four to bring the Boats back sent three Men to Tenshilling Creek to fish and Hunt and two to bring the Boats back; sent six Men with Mr Holt to afsist in getting Anchors on Board. the rest variously employed. At night our People returned with the Boats. Mr Lockey and George Hudson came with about 100 fish of sorts. Edward Umfreville brought 18 fish."

Oct. 12
" Tuesday Wind variable SWerly the weather part clear part Cloudy. All the tradesmen employed as Yesterday the Cooper making Rundlets for Inland the rest bringing firewood into the Yard and cutting it up."

Oct. 13
" Wednesday Wind variable from NW to NNE blows fresh cold cloudy weather with some Snow. the Tradesmen (except Dunch who is bad with the Scurvy) employed in their several callings the rest cutting firewood and filling the Copper for Brewing. the Hunters returned sent two Men to hunt at the North River."

Oct. 14
" Thursday Wind variable from SE to E cloudy weather. McCorrest mending Hunting Guns, Bews and Sheppherd making trapping Hatchets, Bigger and the Bricklayer sawing boards the Taylors at work for the Men Garrat and Guthrie making Cabbins in the new flanker. Shipwright doing sundry Jobs to the Boats. Dunch very lame, 16 men at the Woods. 11 men abroad a Hunting. Steward mending fishing Netts Cook and Cowkeeper as usual. One Writing, the rest cutting firewood and Brewing."

Oct. 15
" Friday A hard Gale at NE with Rain 6 PM a thick fog. All hands employed as Yesterday."

Oct. 16
" Saturday Wind SW At 6 AM fog and Snow At 9 cloudy the rest of the day clear. All the Tradesmen employed as on Thursday last, the rest cleaning the brewing Utensils."

Oct. 17
" Sunday Wind variable from NE to NW blows fresh with frequent Showers of Snow. Divine Service for the day. received 3 white Partridges."

Oct. 18
" Monday A brisk Gale at NW thick weather with some Snow. McCorrest cleaning Guns. Bews and Sheppherd jobbing, Dunch still ailing, Guthrie bad with the Iliac pafsion Garratt and Bigger at work for the new flanker. the Shipwright at work for the Craft. Taylors at work for the Men. Elphingstone writing. Bricklayer and one Man grinding tools. the Steward Cook and Cowkeeper as usual, the rest cutting firewood."

Oct. 19
" Tuesday Wind variable from NW to NE the weather mostly cloudy. Myself Mr Holt two Men and an Indian setting Rabbet Snares, Bigger and the Bricklayer sawing Boards. All the rest employed as Yesterday. Henry Garroch and George Hudson came to the fort with 6 Jack 10 Tittomeg and 5 Trout."

Oct. 20
" Wednesday Wind variable Eerly Cloudy weather. five Men killing and drefsing a Cow and an Ox. the Cow 376 lb nett, the Ox 378 do. Mr Holt &c brought Eight Rabbets. Myself 5 do. the rest of the Men employed as Yesterday."

Oct. 21
" Thursday Wind variable Eerly blows at times strong the weather part clear part Cloudy with Snow at night. Armourer cleaning hunting Guns. Bigger and the Bricklayer at the pitsaw. Garrat making Cabbins. Dunch of very little Service. Guthrie bad with the Iliac pafsion. Cooper bad with the Country distemper. Taylors at work for the Men. Shipwright at work on the Craft. Steward Cook and Cowkeeper as usual the rest cutting firewood. Eight Rabbets Mr Holt and four with two Martins myself Garroch & Hudson returned to their Tent."

Oct. 22
" Friday A hard Gale NEerly with a continuance of Snow all day and all night. All hands employed as Yesterday. two Rabbets from my Snares."

Oct. 23
" Saturday A continuance of Snow all last night and to day the wind variable from NE to N and back again the weather not Cold. All the tradesmen employed as on Thursday last the rest shov'ling snow in heaps."

Oct. 24
" Sunday Wind NW with much Snow. Prayers for the day. two Rabbets from Mr Holt."

Oct. 25
" Monday Wind variable from SW to SSE the weather part clear part Cloudy. Armourer and Bews cleaning hunt'g Guns. Bricklayer and Bigger sawing Boards. Andrew Garratt making Cabbins. Dunch of little Service. Guthrie under the Surgeons care. Taylors at work for trade. the rest killing five pigling and four Piggs nett weight of the whole 374 nett Pounds. One Martin myself and 3 Rabbets Mr Holt."

Oct. 26
" Tuesday Wind variable from NE to E cloudy weather. All hands employed as Yesterday. killed 10 Pigs nett weight 661 lbs one Rabbet from Mr Holt."

Oct. 27
" Wednesday Wind variable from SE to SW cloudy weather. Dunch making an Electrical Machine. Bews at work for ditto four cleaning the Offals of the Pigs killed the two last days. Guthrie able to go to work again. 4 Partridges from a Hunter. One Martin from my traps the rest of the men employed as Yesterday."

Oct. 28
"Thursday Wind variable SWerly Cloudy thawing weather. Armourer cleaning Guns. Dunch and Bews as Yesterday. Bigger and Bricklayer sawing Boards Garratt Guthrie and the Shipwright at work in the new flanker. Cooper making Caggs for Inland Smith jobbing. Taylor at work for the Men Steward making Netts Cook and Cowkeeper as usual, the rest cutting firewood. 2 Rabbets and one Partridge myself."

Oct. 29
" Friday Wind variable NWerly weather in the morning foggy till near noon, afternoon Cloudy with a little Snow the Men employed as Yesterday three Rabbets from my Snares."

Oct. 30
" Saturday Wind variable from W to NW the weather part clear part cloudy the Men employ'd as Yesterday. One Rabbet and and one Marten myself."

Oct. 31
" Sunday Wind NW the weather clear and lively. Divine Service for the day."

Nov. 1 1779
" Monday Wind NW a fresh Gale the weather clear and sharp. the Armourer (a sotish fellow) cleaning Guns. Bews afsisting him. Cooper making Rundlets for Inland. Dunch piddling at an Electrical Machine. Garrat, Guthrie and Colling fitting up the new flanker. Bigger and the Bricklayer sawing boards. Taylor at work for the Men. 16 Men at the woods. Eleven abroad a hunting two hunting at the fort the Steward Cook and Cowkeeper as usual the rest cutting firewood one Rabbet Mr Holt And one Rabbet three Partridges and one Martin Myself."

Nov. 2
" Tuesday Wind NW the weather mostly clear and moderate All hands employed as Yesterday."

Nov. 3
" Wednesday Wind SW clear fine weather. this River chock full of Ice. our people in general employed as on Monday last received four Joints of Venison from an Indian two Rabbets and one Marten myself."

Nov. 4
" Thursday the weather mostly clear with Calm and light Airs at SW Armourer mending and cleaning hunting Guns. Bews and Shepherd making cooking Ladles. Bigger and the Bricklayer at the Pitsaw. Garratt Guthrie and the Shipwright planing Boards and making Cabbins. the Cooper planing Staves for Sledges. Taylors at work for the Men. Steward mending Netts. Cowkeeper and Cook as usual the rest cutting firewood except Dunch who is making an Electrical Machine."

Nov. 5
" Friday Wind NW Cloudy weather with Rime. All hands employed as Yesterday. At night had a good fire and drank succefs to the nation and your Honors Healths and prosperity to your Trade. three Martins from my Traps and 54 Partridges from Indian Hunters."

Nov. 6
" Saturday Wind and weather as Yesterday All hands employed as on thursday last."

Nov. 7
" Sunday Wind variable from SW to SE Cheerfull clear weather. At 6 PM Cloudy and blew fresh Divine Service for the day."

Nov. 8
" Monday wind variable from NE to NW blows very hard with a great drift of Snow. an extraordinary high Tide which broke up this Channel Ice almost square with the fort. Armourer mending setting Guns. Bricklayer and two others grinding Oatmeal it being too bad weather to work out of doors. Cooper making Rundlets for Inland. House Carpenters and Shipwright at work in the flanker. Smiths doing sundry Jobs. Taylors at work for the Men. Steward Cook and Cowkeeper as usual."

Nov. 9
" Tuesday Wind variable from NW to SW clear fine weather till 6 PM when Cloudy. the Bricklayer and Bigger sawing Plank and boards the rest of the tradesmen as Yesterday. the rest shov'ling, filled the Copper for brewing. One Rabbet and Seven Partridges myself."

Nov. 10
" Wednesday Wind variable from S to SW the weather part clear part cloudy and warm. two Men Brewing the rest employed as on Monday last. three Partridges Mr Holt."

Nov. 11
" Thursday Wind variable from SSW to West the weather clear and fine. this Channell open above the fort. Armourer mending Guns. Bigger and the Bricklayer sawing boards House Carpenters at work on and for Cabbins in the new flanker Smiths doing sundry jobs for ditto. Shipwright planing boards. Taylors at work for the Men. the Cooper planing Staves for Sleds. the rest cutting firewood two Partridges Mr Holt."

Nov. 12
" Friday Wind NW and clear pleasant weather. thawed in the Sun. All hands employed as Yesterday."

Nov. 13
" Saturday Wind variable from E to N the weather thick Rime raw Cold and disagreeable. all hands employed as on thursday last 63 Partridges this week from Indians."

Nov. 14
" Sunday A hard Gale at NW the weather cloudy with some drift. Divine Service to day. three Rabbets from my Snares."

Nov. 15
" Monday Wind and weather as Yesterday. Armourer cleaning and repairing hunting guns. Bigger and the Bricklayer at sawing boards. Garrat Guthirie Dunch and Colling at work on and for Cabbins in the new flanker. Smiths making Curtain Rings Rods and Hooks. Cooper planing Staves for Sleds. Taylors at work for the Men. the Steward, Cook, and Cowkeeper as usual, the rest cutting firewood. one Rabbet Mr Holt and one myself."

Nov. 16
" Tuesday Wind NW a fresh Gale the weather chiefly cloudy the Men in general employed as Yesterday."

Nov. 17
" Wednesday Wind variable from the NW to SSW the weather till 6 PM clear and fine. Mr Holt and one man went to Tenshilling Creek to see how our hunters are at that place found all well and brought from thence 6 fine Trout the rest of the People employed as on Monday last. One Martin two Rabbets and three Partridges myself; four Partridges Hugh Moar and two Magnus Annell."

Nov. 18
" Thursday Wind variable from NNE to N and back to NE the weather warm with a strong drift. this Channell still open from a little above the Fort quite out to Sea. 8 Partridges from Magnus Annell. One Martin Mr Holt. All hands employed as on Monday last. One Rabbit myself."

Nov. 19
" Friday Wind and weather much the same as Yesterday. no Alteration in the employment of the People, much Ice drove out of this Channell."

Nov. 20
" Saturday Wind a little variable from the North the weather heavy and cloudy this Channell Ice breaking away in small quantities. Your Honors Servt. employed as Yesterday; James Geer Patroon of the Wooders. Robert Garroch and Henry Garroch came to the fort to receive Orders and Instructions for their future proceedings. from Henry Garroch who tents with Mr Lockey I received 24 Martins, and from Robert Garroch 12 Martins the latter hath been succefsfull in hunting Rabbets and netting fish and requires afsistance to get them to the fort. they also brought 7 Jack 12 Trout and 1 Perch and a Porcupine, 80 Partridges from Indians, and 26 from English."

Nov. 21
" Sunday Wind NW the weather cloudy with a little Snow Divine Service for the day."

Nov. 22
" Monday Wind NW cloudy weather with Rime the Patroon of the Woods returned to his Tent as did the Hunters to theirs. Mr Holt and one Man with three Dogs went with them. Armourer cleaning and Stocking Guns. Bigger and the Bricklayer sawing Plank. Garratt Guthrie Dunch and Colling at work on Cabbins. Cooper planing Staves for Sleds. Smiths mending their tools. Taylors at work for the Men. two hunting the rest cutting firewood and with the Horse and Sledge bringing it into the Yard. 5 Partridges myself and 3 Magnus Annell very few Birds to be seen this Channell still open as high as the fort. the Ice above the fort very rough."

Nov. 23
" Tuesday Wind variable from WNW to NW the fore part of the day clear the latter cloudy with a hard gale and great drift of Snow. All hands employed as yesterday. two Partridges from Elphingston and one myself."

Nov. 24
" Wednesday Wind variable from NW to SSW drifting blowing weather. All hands employed much the same as on Monday last. Henry Garroch, George Gun, Wm. Folster and David Sinclair came to the Fort with 80 Rabbets 51 small Tickomeg 16 Jack and Eight Suckers from Rob. Garrochs tent also 34 Rabbets from Mr Lockey, received one Martin from each tent Mr Holt doth not intend to return untill Saturday next. this Channell open again."

Nov. 25
" Thursday Wind variable from SE to E the fore part of the day cloudy the latter clear blows fresh. Myself and one Man setting Guns and Traps for foxes &c, the rest employed as on Monday last."

Nov. 26
" Friday Wind SW clear fine weather Armourer Stocking Guns Bricklayer and Bigger sawing Plank Garratt Guthrie Dunch and Colling at work on the new flanker. Cooper planing Staves for Sleds Smith variously employed for the new flanker. Taylors at work for the Men. the Steward Cook and Cowkeeper as usual the rest cutting firewood."

Nov. 27
" Saturday Wind variable from SW to NW the Sun rose clear but soon after clouded a thick Rime from the North River and Sea Roak much Snow last night. All hands employed as Yesterday. All the Wooders came for food as did the Hunters from the latter I received as follows from Mr Umfreville and the two Flatts 25 Rabbets 37 small trout 5 small Jack and 20 Martins and from Morris, Menzie, and Batt 50 good Trout 60 Rabbets one Red fox and 8 Martins, Partridges brought to the fort by Indians are 59 No."

Nov. 28
" Sunday Wind variable from WNW to NW part of the day clear part a thick mist arising from the N. river and Sea Roak. Divine Service as usual."

Nov. 29
" Monday Wind variable Southerly Cloudy weather this Channell set fast at the fort. All the Hunters and Wooders went away. Armourer stocking a Gun. Bricklayer and Bigger sawing Plank Garratt Guthrie Colling and Dunch making Cabbins in the new flanker. Cooper at work on Sledges Smiths Jobbing. Taylors at work for the Men. Steward making and mending Partridge Netts the rest hunting and cutting firewood. Myself hunting got 5 Partridges."

Nov. 30
" Tuesday Wind variable from SW round to NW the weather cloudy much Snow last night. All hands employed as Yesterday.Myself got 3 Partridges & 3 Rabbets."

Dec. 1 1779
" Wednesday Wind variable from NW to SW the weather tolerably clear and pleasant. All hands employed as on Monday last. One Rabbet from my Snares. An old Indian his wife and Son came to the fort half starved, he brought 13 made Beaver."

Dec. 2
" Thursday Wind nearly SW all day the weather Cloudy. Armourer Bricklayer, Bigger and the Cooper with the labouring hands the Horse and two Sleds getting Snow out of the works and making a path with it to get on the River the rest of the tradesmen employed as on Monday last. One Rabbet from my snares."

Dec. 3
" Friday Wind variable from NW to SW snowing weather All hands as Yesterday Myself got 11 Partridges."

Dec. 4
" Saturday Wind NW a very thick and heavy Rime and which to the taste is saltish. All hands employed as on thursday last Mr Umfreville came to the fort with 8 Martins one Red fox 34 Small trout 10 small Jack and 30 Rabbets. Alex. Menzies with 2 Martins 30 middling trout and 20 Rabbets and George Hudson from Mr Locky with 20 Jack 8 Trout 1 Perch 10 Tittemeg and 4 small Mothy. Partridges received this week from the Natives is 58 No. the River fast One Mile and a half below the fort. Henry Downey came from the woods for Medicines for James Geer who is bad with a sort throat."

Dec. 5
" Sunday Wind NW the weather clear and Sharp. Divine Service for the day."

Dec. 6
" Monday Wind variable from WBN to NW the fore part of the day clear the latter cloudy with a thick Rime. Armourer Bricklayer Bigger the Cooper Steward and three Men cutting a watering and victualling holes and putting food into the latter after which the above persons with the Horse and two Sledges getting Snow out of the Yard and making a path with it down the Bank to the River. All the other tradesmen at work on and for the new flanker. the Hunter &c returned to their tents freezes very hard. One Rabbet Mr Holt."

Dec. 7
" Tuesday Wind NW thick sharp blowing weather. At high water All hands filling the Copper for brewing the rest of the day employed as Yesterday. One Rabbet Mr Holt."

Dec. 8
" Wednesday Wind variable from NW to W clear in the Zenith yet a thick low drift two men brewing All the rest employed as on Monday last. Francis Pickitt was hauled from the woods with a sore foot. Robert Garroch came with 14 Rabbets and 4 Martins also 3 do. from Mr Lockey an Indian brought 24 made Beaver."

Dec. 9
" Thursday Wind variable Werly a thick Roak from the N River which is yet open, this channell fast 5 miles below the fort. the Hunter returned to his Tent as did the Men who came with Picket to theirs. the Armourer stocking a Gun. Garratt, Guthrie, Dunch & Colling, and the Smiths at work for the new flanker. Taylors at work for the Men the rest getting Snow out of the Yards and cutting firewood. It is surprizing to see what great quantities of Snow is made by the Sea and North River Roak."

Dec. 10
" Friday Wind variable Werly the weather chiefly Cloudy thick and raw Cold from the great quantity of Rime caused chiefly by the North River being still open. All hands employed much the same as Yesterday. Francis Picket's foot very bad. Wm. Mowat very ailing with an internal rupture."

Dec. 11
" Saturday Wind NW the weather tolerably clear 10 Men opening and cleaning the watering and victualling holes the rest employed as Yesterday. 8 Men brought their things from the woods. 8 men stays there one week longer not having felled Stockades enough for factory use. Mr Lockey and his two tent Mates brought there things home as nothing is to be got his way he brought 2 Rabbets and 5 trout Mr Umfreville came with 60 Rabbets and three Martin."

Dec. 12
" Sunday Wind variable from W to SW a very thick Horizon but clear from 35 degrees above it. Divine Service for the day. My self not well."

Dec. 13
" Monday Wind SWerly weather as Yesterday. Armourer stocking a Gun. All the Carpenters at work in the new flanker. Smiths doing sundry Jobs. Taylors at work for the Men. Sent Wm. Lockey and 8 Men to beat a path and set Beacons acrofs the River to prevent travellers mifsing their way in thick drifting weather. the rest of the men cutting firewood. My self and Mr Holt each one Rabbet also 5 Partridges from Mr Holt."

Dec. 14
" Tuesday A hard Gale at NW with a very heavy drift and raw Cold. All the tradesmen employed as Yesterday. the rest cutting firewood. One Rabbet Mr Holt."

Dec. 15
" Wednesday Wind and weather as Yesterday. Armourer stocking a Gun. Garratt, Guthrie, Dunch, Colling, Bigger and Clouston at work on and for the new flanker. Smiths doing sundry Jobs. Taylors at work for the Men. Cooper and the rest getting wood into the Splitting Yard. One Rabbet Myself and one Mr Holt."

Dec. 16
" Thursday Wind NE blows strong a great drift. All hands employed as Yesterday."

Dec. 17
" Friday Wind variable from SE to SW fine lively weather. All the tradesmen employed as Yesterday. several a hunting, the produce of whom follows. Myself Partridges 3, Holt 5, Annell 3, Lockey 4, the rest of the men cutting firewood; Receiv'd also from Mr Umfrevilles tent, Rabbets 50, trout small 17, do. Jack 6, and Partridges 100 Martens 3 and from Morris's Tent, Rabbets 40, Trout 22, Partridges 30. All the Hunters and wooders will be home with their things to morrow."

Dec. 18
" Saturday Wind SW the weather clear & comfortable; All hands employed as Yesterday. All the wooders and Hunters brought their things home for the Hollidays. receiv'd 60 Partridges from Robert Garroch and 76 do. from Indians."

Dec. 19
" Sunday Wind and weather as Yesterday Divine Service for the day."

Dec. 20
" Monday Wind SW clear fine weather. Arm'r stocking a Gun. Garratt, Dunch, Bigger and the Bricklayer at work for the new flanker; Colling, Guthrie, Picket and Jn. Houston Sen. (he came out this year) under the Surgeons care. Cooper making Sledges. Taylors at work for the men. Smith making Spikes. sent Wm Lockey with Six Men replacing Beacons on the River many being blown down by the late Gales. four Men opening and cleaning the Victualling Hole also taking out and putting food into it. several of the Officers hunting, the rest of the Men cutting firewood, 2 Rabbets Mr Holt, 5 Parts. Jn. Morris."

Dec. 21
" Tuesday Wind NEerly cloudy warm weather. All hands employed as Yesterday. One Rabbet Mt Holt."

Dec. 22
" Wednesday Wind variable from SE to NE thick with heavy Snow. All the Tradesmen employed as on Monday last, the rest shov'ling Snow, grinding Oatmeal and cutting firewood two Rabbets from Mr Holt."

Dec. 23
" Thursday Wind variable from N to NW clear warm weather four men opening the watering hole. All the rest employed as Yesterday. several Officers hunting, from whom as follows, Mr Holt Rabbets 3 Partridges 12, Mr Umfreville Partridges 11 Myself Partridge One, Martin one."

Dec. 24
" Friday Wind variable from SW to NW the weather thick with some snow. All hands after 1 PM receiving Provisions and preparing for the Hollidays 2 Rabbets Mr Holt."

Dec. 25
" Saturday Wind and weather as Yesterday Divine Service suitable to the day. received from the Indians 95 Parts. I humbly and heartily wish your Honors the Compliments of the Season."

Dec. 26
" Sunday Wind NE Cloudy weather with snow Divine Service suitable to the day."

Dec. 27
" Monday Wind and weather as Yesterday. the Men at various exercises."

Dec. 28
" Tuesday Wind NW sharp clear weather."

Dec. 29
" Wednesday Wind WBS very thick weather and very sharp, it being 42 below the Cypher."

Dec. 30
" Thursday Wind NW the weather as Yesterday the Men at sundry diversions."

Dec. 31
" Friday Wind variable from W to SW clear sharp weather the Men opening the Victualling Hole taking food out and putting food in."

Jan. 1 1780
" Saturday Wind variable from NW to SW clear fine weather; May Health and Succefs attend the Honorable Board."

Jan. 2
" Sunday Wind SW clear sharp weather Divine Service for the day."

Jan. 3
" Monday wind variable from NW to WBS very thick weather inclinable to Snow and intense Cold. Thermometer down at 53 below 0. Armourer mending Guns. Garratt and Guthrie at work for the flanker. Bigger and Bricklayer sawing the sides of a new sledge. Dunch putting his tools in order. Colling, Pickett, Wm. Mowat and Jn. Houston Sen. under the Surgeons care. Taylor at work for the men.Smiths making Ironwork for the intended Sledge. five men with two Indians preparing to go with a Packet to P.W. Fort, and another to Severn House. Cooper mending Sledges. two hunting, the Cook Cowkeeper and Steward as usual. ten Men preparing to hunt and nett Partridges, the rest cutting firewood and gettingSnow out of the Yard. One Martin from my Traps."

Jan. 4
" Tuesday Wind NE the weather very thick from Sea Roak. All hands employed as Yesterday; fixed up the following Order in the Mens guard Room"

" A Notice to all the Hudsons Bay Companys Servants at York Fort Hudsons Bay America.
As nothing is more dreadfull in its consequences than accidents by fire anywhere, so more particularly in this Country, it ought to be guarded against with the greatest caution, and prevented to the utmost of human foresight, to obtain this desireable end Orders have been constantly affixed in such parts of the fort where they might be seen by every Body. these Orders pointed out the time when all fires and Lights were to be extinguished or put out except the Watch Light and those of some particular Officers, or in case of sicknefs. these Orders were generally inserted in the Watch Bill. And Whereas sundry Persons in direct defiance and willfull disobedience to such Orders keep up great fires a great part of the night, refuse to put out their Lamps or go to their Beds at the hour appointed. And Whereas some very disorderly drunken persons have at sundry times - been guilty of disturbing the factory at a very late hour, and wallowing on the ground like Brutes; whereby their healths are greatly impaired and the Companys businefs neglected. In Order to rectify these misdemeanours, I order the Persons having the watch to see all Lights and fires out by 9 oClock at night at furthest, except those of the Chief of the fort. and the Gentlemen belonging to his Mefs; Disobedience to these Orders will meet with proper correction and the names of the persons offending be transmitted to the Honorable Board.
Signed
Humphrey Marten."

Jan. 5
" Wednesday Wind variable from NW to SW clear fine weather. Armourer stocking hunting Guns. Bricklayer and Bigger at the Pitsaw, Garratt & Guthrie at work on the new flanker. Dunch making a large sledge. Bews and Sheppherd making Ironwork for do. Taylors at work for the Men. Cooper making small Sledges. Mr George Holt, Robert and Henry Garroch, Ja. McPherson and Henry Downey preparing to go with Packets to P.W. Fort and Severn House. Steward Cook and Cowkeeper as usual; ten Men getting ready to go to the Partridge Tents. the Shipwright. Jn. Houston Sen. and Francis Picket under the Surgeons care. two writing the rest cutting firewood and getting Snow out of the works."

Jan. 6
" Thursday Wind variable SWerly the weather most part clear and moderate as to Cold. All hands employed as Yesterday."

Jan. 7
" Friday Wind variable from SW to NW the weather part clear part cloudy. Sent Edward Umfreville Will Flatt Jas. Batt and Hugh Linklitter to Ship River to hunt Partridges. Sent Wm. Lockey Alex. Menzies and George Hudson to Stoney River and Edward Luitit Nicholas Spence and David Sinclair over the North River for the same purpose. James Geer and Eleven Men preparing for the woods the rest employed as on Wednesday last."

Jan. 8
" Saturday Wind NW part of the morning thick Rime the rest of the day clear. Sharpish weather. Sent Ja. Geer, George Gun, Jn. Irvin, Moncrief Tate, Thomas Tate, Rob. Flatt, Wm. Folster, Thomas Johnston, Geo. Rofs, Jn. Houston, Thomas Linklitter and Samuel Isbester to the Woods the rest as on Wednesday last. 15 Indians Men and Boys came with Venison and furrs."

Jan. 9
" Sunday Wind variable from WBN to NBE Cloudy Rimy weather. the Indians being desirous to trade, had not divine Service, they are all home our factory Indians and brought as follows, Martins 380, Buck Deer 105, Doe 80, Wolves 18, Quiquahatches 4, Whole P. Beaver 8, half do. 11, Otter 1, fox red 13, Grey 2, White 1. and Rabbets 169 Skins, 40 Tongues, 20 Heads, 14 sides, 22 Legs, 15 Rumps, 29 shoulders of Venison two Porcupines & one half dried Beaver. a great and seasonable help blefsed be God, they also brought 6 pairs of netted Snow Shoes which we stand in great need of."

Jan. 10
" Monday Wind NW the weather in the forenoon clear afternoon thick Rime. At 9 0Clock this morning Mr George Holt Robert Garroch Henry Downey and an Indian sett off with letters and sundry neccefsary articles for Severn House as did Henry Garroch, James McPherson Robert Spence and an Indian for PW Fort from whence they are to bring sundry articles of trading goods, 12 men at the woods. 10 at the Partridge Tents and the rest employed as follows. Armourer stocking a Gun. Bricklayer and Bigger sawing Plank Guthrie Dunch and Colling making Boards to stretch Wolves on, having receiv'd from the Indians of Saturday 18 unstretched. Garratt, Jn. Houston Sen., Wm. Mowat and Francis Pickett under the Surgeons care. Cook Steward and Cowkeeper as usual the rest cutting firewood."

Jan. 11
" Tuesday Wind NW the weather as Noon clear the rest of the day thick Rime. All hands as Yesterday. all the Indians went away."

Jan. 12
" Wednesday Wind NW clear fine weather. All hands employed as on Monday last."

Jan. 13
" Thursday Wind variable from NW to SW the weather fine and clear till 6 PM when Cloudy and moderate. Guthrie Colling and Dunch at work on the new flanker. Smiths making Ironwork for great Sledges. Taylor at work for the Men. three hunting. Myself got two Rabbets and three Partridges - Jn. Morris one Partridge, the rest employed as on Monday last."

Jan. 14
" Friday A hard Gale with Snow & Drift variable from WBN to NW."

Jan. 15
" Saturday Wind variable from NW back to W Garratt Picket and Jn. Houston Sen. under the Surgeons care the rest as on thursday last, an Indian bro't 26 Partridges."

Jan. 16
" Sunday Wind NW the weather cloudy with a thick drift Divine Service for the day."

Jan. 17
" Monday Wind NW the weather part thick part clear a low drift. Armourer stocking a Gun. Guthrie Colling and Dunch at work on the Cabbins in the new flanker. Garratt, Pickett, and Jn. Houston Sen. under the Surgeons care. Bews and Shepherd making Ironwork for the great Sledges. Cooper making small Sleds Wm. Mowat at Taylors work, the rest cutting firewood and with the Horse and Sledge hauling it into the Yard. Wm Lockey bro't 45 Partridges."

Jan. 18
" Tuesday A hard Gale at NW weather very thick and drifting the Men as Yesterday."

Jan. 19
" Wednesday Wind variable from WBN to SW the weather in the morning clear, Afternoon Cloudy, sharp weather. the Men employed as on Monday last. Wm. Lockey says Partridges are very scarce and difficult to get even with the Gun, he returned to his tent."

Jan. 20
" Thursday Wind NE the weather part Clear part Cloudy. At night blew hard. three a hunting, the rest as Yesterday. Myself 5 Partridges, Annell 1, Morris no luck."

Jan. 21
" Friday Wind NW blows hard with a great drift, cannot see two Hundred Yards distance. All the tradesmen and Sick employed as on Monday last the rest grinding Oatmeal and picking Oakum."

Jan. 22
" Saturday Wind WNW all last night and to day a hurricane of wind with a thick heavy drift. All hands employed as Yesterday."

Jan. 23
" Sunday Wind NW blows strong a thick low drift yet a clear sky. Divine Service for the day. Edward Umfreville came with 90 Partridges as did Alex. Menzies with 55 do. an Indian brought 27 do."

Jan. 24
" Monday Wind WBN Cloudy moderate weather. Mr Stephenson informed me that Andrew Garratt is declining greatly in his health which he thinks is entirely owing to his great afsiduity in building the new flanker & consequently long confinement at the fort, on which account he desired I would permitt Garrat to go for some time to one of the Partridge Tents, to this I consented, and tomorrow he will sett off with Alex. Menzies for Wm. Lockeys tent at Stoney Rivers. Our Men came from the woods for food. All hands employed at the fort with the Horse and great Sled getting Snow out of the Yard with which we are almost buried. 5 Partridges from Jn. Morris, One Rabbet myself."

Jan. 25
" Tuesday Wind till 9 AM W and moderate when it flew round to NW and blew a mere hurricane with an exceeding heavy drift, the Wooders and Hunters returned to their Tents. Edward Luitit and David Sinclair bro't 60 Partridges, the Men with the Horse and great Sledge getting Snow out of the works."

Jan. 26
" Wednesday Wind and weather as Yesterday. All hands employed as Yesterday. Francis Picket very ill with a fever. Wm. Mowat in a declining way."

Jan. 27
" Thursday Wind NW the weather part clear part cloudy with a low drift. Armourer stocking a Gun. Cooper making small sledges. Guthrie, Colling, & Dunch at work fitting up Cabbins in the new flanker. Bews & Shepherd making Hinges for Doors. Wm. Mowat making Coats for trade. Bigger and the Bricklayer at the Pitsaw. the Cook, Steward, and Cowkeeper as usual. the rest cutting firewood."

Jan. 28
" Friday Wind variable from WSW to NW Cloudy weather inclinable to Snow. All hands employed as Yesterday. Edward Luitit and Mate returned to their Tent over the North River which is still open 17 miles up, occasioned by very great inland floods. Myself and Steward with Jn. Morris a hunting. 2 Partridges from the latter, the rest employed as on thursday last."

Jan. 29
" Saturday Wind NW the weather clear. 4 Men opening and cleaning the watering Hole &c. the rest employed as on thursday last. 17 Partridges from an Indian which is his weeks hunt. a Sick Indian was hauled to the fort by three others."

Jan. 30
" Sunday Wind variable from SW back to NW the weather part cloudy part Clear. Divine Service for the day. 50 Partridges from Wm Lockey by Geo. Hudson."

Jan. 31
" Monday Wind as Yesterday the weather part Clear part Cloudy. Armourer stocking a Gun. Cooper making Rundlets for Inland. Guthrie, Colling & Dunch fitting up Cabbins in the new flanker. Bews and Shepherd making hinges. Mowat making Coats for trade. Bigger & Picket under the Surgeons care, the rest with the Horse & great Sledge getting firewood into the Yard. Hudson returned to his Tent."

Feb. 1 1780
" Tuesday A very hard Gale at NW with a great drift. All hands as Yesterday. the three Indians that hauled in the sick Indian went away. I received from them 2 Wolves, 2 Red foxes and 56 Martins, a few deer skins and one Deer."

Feb. 2
" Wednesday Wind variable from NW to N blows very hard with a very heavy drift. the Spare hands grinding Oatmeal, the rest as on Monday last."

Feb. 3
" Thursday Wind variable Nerly the weather part clear part Cloudy lefs wind than yesterday the weather heavy dull and uncomfortable. Wm. Mowat very ailing. Jn. Houston Sen. of very little use, Dunch an Invalid, the rest employed as on Monday last."

Feb. 4
" Friday Wind chiefly SW fine lively weather. Wm. Flatt and James Batt came with 110 shott Partridges. no alteration in the employ of your Honors Servants worth notice."

Feb. 5
" Saturday Wind variable from WBN to NW the weather mostly Cloudy moderate as to Cold. four Men cleaning the Victualling hole, taking out of it Provisions and putting more in. Mr Lockey came with 93 Partridges. the Wooders came for food, the tradesmen employed in their various callings. the Steward Cook and Cowkeeper as usual. 60 Partridges from Indians 6 myself, and 6 Morris, 3 Hugh Moar."

Feb. 6
" Sunday Wind SW clear fine warm weather. Divine Service for the day."

Feb. 7
" Monday Wind variable from SW to NW weather the latter part of the day blew hard with Snow the fore part clear. Armourer stocking a Gun. the House Carpenter and Shipwright at work on Cabbins. Cooper making Caggs for Inland. Wm. Mowat making Coats for trade. Smiths at work on hinges. Bigger and the Bricklayer sawing Plank the rest cutting firewood. Wooders and Hunters returned to their tents. Nicholas Spence and David Sinclair came with 95 Partridges from the North River tent."

Feb. 8
" Tuesday Wind SWBS fine clear weather. the tradesmen as Yesterday, the rest filling the Copper and Brewing, the Hunters returned to their Tents."

Feb. 9
" Wednesday Wind variable from SW to NNW clear weather with a low drift. All the Tradesmen employed as on Monday the rest cutting firewood and with the Horse and Sledge getting it into the Yard."

Feb. 10
" Thursday Wind variable NBW to NW clear sharp weather. All hands employed as Yesterday. rec'd a Packet from Prince Wales's Fort thank God all well."

Feb. 11
" Friday Wind NW clear sharp weather blows fresh a low drift. Armourer stocking a Gun. Carpenters at work on Cabbins. Cooper making Rundletts for Inland. Taylor cutting out Coats for trade and presents. Smiths making Hinges. Bricklayer and Bigger sawing plank, the rest with the Horse and Sledge getting firewood into the Yard. Myself 5 Parts., J.B. Morris 7 do."

Feb. 12
" Saturday Wind variable from SW to EBN the weather till 6 PM moderate and clear. four Men Opening the watering hole taking food out of it and putting food into it the rest of the Men putting their Cabbins in Order and Cleaning various Offices. Mefs Lockey and Umfreville bro't each 100 Partridges, 72 do. at the fort."

Feb. 13
" Sunday Wind variable from SW to NW snowing weather. Divine Service for the day."

Feb. 14
" Monday Wind variable from NW to WBS clear fine weather. Armourer mending hunting Guns. House Carpenters and Shipwright at work on Cabbins Cooper making Rundletts for Inland. Bricklayer and Bigger sawing plank. Smiths making Hinges. Taylor at work for trade. One making Canvas Baggs for Inland use, the rest cutting firewood. 16 Indians came in very hungry. paid best part of their debts."

Feb. 15
" Tuesday Wind variable from SE to SW weather part clear part cloudy the Men employed as Yesterday. Hunters returned to their tents. furrs receiv'd by the Indians of Yesterday as follows, Martins 138, Rabbets 110, Whole P.B. 7 do. half 17. fox white One."

Feb. 16
" Wednesday Wind variable from SW to NNW thick cloudy snowing weather. All the people employed as Yest."

Feb. 17
" Thursday A fresh Gale at NW the weather part cloudy part clear. Armourer stocking a hunting Gun. Guthrie Dunch and Colling at work on the inside of the Mens Cabbins in the new flanker. Cooper making Rundletts for Inland. Bricklayer and Bigger sawing plank. Taylor making Coats for trade and presents. Smiths making Hinges. the rest hunting and cutting firewood. Morris 6, Elphingston 2 and myself 2 Partridges."

Feb. 18
" Friday Wind variable from NW to NE clear fine weather. All hands as Yesterday."

Feb. 19
" Saturday Wind variable from SSE to S clear fine weather. four Men opening and cleaning the watering hole. the rest as Yesterday. Myself 7 Partridges. All the wooders brought their things home having finish'd. Edward Lutit brought 125 Partridges Shott, A. Menzies 100 do.-do. and Hugh Linklitter 50 Shott and 78 netted do., 30 at the fort."

Feb. 20
" Sunday Wind variable from S to NW clear fine weather. Divine Service for the day. Bricklayer bad with a feaver."

Feb. 21
" Monday Wind NNW nearly all day a fresh Gale Cloudy with drift and Snow. Mr George Holt and three Men getting ready to go to the fourteens to hunt Partridges. Armourer stocking a Gun. House Carpenters and Shipwight at work on Cabbins. Cooper making Rundletts for Inland. Bricklayer very ill with a feaver. Taylors at work for trade. Smith making Hinges, three grinding of Oatmeal. the Steward, Cook, and Cowkeeper as usual. Bigger siding plank, the rest grinding Hatchets, making Canvis Baggs for Inland and cutting firewood."

Feb. 22
" Tuesday Wind NNW the weather cloudy with Rime. Sent 7 men to beat a track to the firewood felled over the River the rest as Yesterday."

Feb. 23
" Wednesday Wind NWerly a clear sky tho' a thick low Rime from overflowings in the North River. All the tradesmen and sick as on Monday last the rest filling the Copper for Brewing. Sent several Indians a hunting."

Feb. 24
" Thursday Wind part of the day SW the rest calm much Rime tho' a clear Sky. George Hudson came from Stoney River Tent for Medicines for Wm. Lockey who is bad with a sore throat and Andrew Garratt bad with a Pain in his Bowels. Bricklayer is very ill with a feaver. James Geer and Moncreif Tate with the Country distemper. two Brewing two hunting. All the Tradesmen employed in their several Callings. the rest cutting firewood and grinding Oatmeal."

Feb. 25
" Friday Wind variable NE the weather cloudy with Drift till Noon when clear and fine. Armourer stocking a Gun. Cooper making 7 and 8 Gallon Rundletts for Inland. Guthrie Dunch and Colling still at work on fixtures in the Mens Cabbins in the new flanker; Your Honors will be pleased to take noticed the new flanker hath bed places for 42 Men. the Old one 28 only, that the People returning from Inland were oblidged for want of room in the Old flanker to lay in the Yard in Tents. this was certainly a great hardship and extremely inconvenient. the cause of much murmuring and discontent, for these reasons I enlarged the Scale of Building tho' order'd not. Bricklayer very ill Wm Mowat in a decline. both Smiths making falling Hatchets for Inland and fort use. Taylors making Coats for trade. two Men tunning Beer, the rest cutting firewood and grinding Oatmeal."

Feb. 26
" Saturday Wind and SW fine chearfull weather flying Clouds. All hands except 4 who are opening the watering Hole employed as Yesterday. David Sinclair came from the North River with 83 Shott Partridges and 17 netted George Hudson from Stoney River tent with 100 all Shott Wm. Flatt from Ship River with Henry Downey with 160 all netted. Partridges killed at the fort this week H. Marten 13, JB Morris 23, J. Elphingston 4. Parts. received from Indian Hunters 210, in all 610 a very great help having so many Men to feed."

Feb. 27
" Sunday Wind NW Cloudy with some Snow. Divine Service as usual. Bricklayer very Ill."

Feb. 28
" Monday Wind variable from SE to NNE close thick snowing weather. also much Snow all night warm weather. Armourer stocking a Gun. Cooper making Rundletts for Inland. Guthrie Colling and Dunch at work on Cabbins in the new flanker. Taylors at work for trade. Smith making falling Hatchets. Bricklayer very Ill with a feaver. Bigger attending him. Steward, Cook and Cowkeeper as usual. All the rest with 5 Indians and the great Sledge hauling firewood from over the River. Hunters returned to their tents."

Feb. 29
" Tuesday Wind NW Clear weather four Men shov'ling Snow, the rest as Yesterday."

Mar. 1 1780
" Wednesday Wind SW blows at times hard the weather part clear part Cloudy, the Men as Yesterday."

Mar. 2
" Thursday Wind NW the weather mostly clear the People employed as on Monday last, the Bricklayer something better."

Mar. 3
" Friday Wind variable from SW to NE the weather cloudy till 9 AM the rest of the day clear. the Armourer stocking a Gun House Carpenters and Shipwright at work on Cabbins, Cooper making Rundletts, Bricklayer as Yesterday. one attending him. two Smiths making of falling Hatchets. two Taylors making Coats for presents, the rest with the great Sledge hauling firewood. Mr Holt came to inform me very few Birds are to be got and that he should return to the fort."

Mar. 4
" Saturday Wind variable from NE to E till 3 PM when it fixed at EBN and blew extremely hard with a very great drift. All hands except four at the watering hole as Yesterday. Mr Lockey bro't 80 Partridges got by the Gun. Robert Garroch 107 do. by do. James Batt 70 by the Nett and 30 by the Gun. Indians brought 150 by the Gun. Mr Holt's Men brought all their things home."

Mar. 5
" Sunday A hurricane of wind variable Nerly with a great drift of Snow as I remember to have seen which having lasted all night and to 6 PM hath blocked up every Avenue. Divine Service as usual."

Mar. 6
" Monday Wind NE exceeding clear fine weather. Armourer, Bricklayer, Wm. Guthrie House Carpenter under the Surgeons care. All the rest with a Horse and two great Sleds getting Snow out of the works, with which we are literally buried. All the hunters went away."

Mar. 7
" Tuesday Wind and weather as Yesterday. All hands employed as Yesterday."

Mar. 8
" Wednesday Wind and weather much the same till noon when NW All the Men employed as on Monday last till Noon when they filled the Copper for Brewing."

Mar. 9
" Thursday Wind NE clear fine weather. All hands as on Monday last except 2 that are Brewing. At 3 PM the Cook Room was set on fire by the badnefs of the Chimney belonging to the Copper, thank God very little damage was done by it. I cannot help humbly laying before the Honble Board the great inconveniency we labour under for want of real tradesmen. the Man that came out as Bricklayer never laid a Brick in his life before he came here. the Chimney he hath builded in the Mens flanker must be pulled down or the Men will be suffocated. and as to resetting the Copper or rebuilding the Ovens he is utterly unqualified for it. the Magazine is in a wretched condition and yet if he meddles with it, I am afraid he will make it worse."

Mar. 10
" Friday Wind NE clear fine weather. All the Tradesmen employed as on Monday last. the rest with a Horse and two great Sleds getting Snow out of the works."

Mar. 11
" Saturday Wind NW weather as Yesterday. the Men as Yesterday except four that are opening the watering Hole. Alex. Menzies bro't 17 Partridges and Ed. Umfreville 130 Myself in the Course of the week 8, J. Morris 11 and the Indians 104 in all 270 all by the Gun. an Indian bro't 18 fine trout."

Mar. 12
" Sunday Wind NBE the weather Cloudy Divine Service."

Mar. 13
" Monday Wind variable from NNW to NBE clear fine weather. Armourer stocking a Gun. All the house Carpenters, Shipwright and four men overhauling timbers. Cooper, Bricklayer, and Jn. Houston the Elder under the Surgeons care. the Smiths making falling Hatchets for Inland. Taylors at work for trade. Steward Cook and Cowkeeper as usual. All the rest with the Horse and Sledges getting Snow out of the works."

Mar. 14
" Tuesday Wind NW clear fine weather. All hands employed as Yesterday. Three Indians arrived with Stores and Letters from Prince Wales's fort. Also 30 Indians Men, women, and Children, very hungry, they bro't 165 Martin Skins, 4 wolves, 1 Quiquahatch, 2 Otters, 180 Rabbit Skins, 2 whole and 3 half Beaver."

Mar. 15
" Wednesday Wind SW clear fine weather. the House Carpenters and Shipwright hewing timber. Bigger and Rob. Flatt at the Pitsaw. Armourer preparing to go to Severn House. All the rest as Yesterday."

Mar. 16
" Thursday Wind variable from SW to NW the weather clear and fine till 6 PM when it blew strong with Snow and drift. All hands employed as Yesterday."

Mar. 17
" Friday Wind variable from NW to WBN blows strong with a low thick drift yet clear in the Zenith. All the House Carpenters except Walter Bigger, hewing timber. Bigger and one man sawing Plank. Bews and Shepherd making Hatchets for Inland, Bricklayer and Houston the Elder under the Surgeons care. Cooper making Rundletts. Taylor at work for trade. Cook, Cowkeeper and Steward as usual the rest cutting firewood and other neccefsary Jobs. got ready a Packet for Severn."

Mar. 18
" Saturday Wind variable from W to NW clear fine weather. very strong loomings. four Men opening and cleaning the Victualling Hole, the rest as Yesterday. Alexander McCorrest and two Indians set off for Severn House. Bricklayer on the mending hand. received from the back of the Island 210 Partridges and from the E ern Hunters Tents 120, at the fort 80 in all 410 Partridges, also 2 foxes and 6 Martins. Andrew Garratt brought his things home being in a tolerable state of health."

Mar. 19
" Sunday Wind variable all round the Compafs clear fine weather till 9 at night when Snow. Divine Service as usual."

Mar. 20
" Monday Wind variable NWerly blows strong with Snow and drift. Garratt, Guthrie, Dunch and Colling hewing Timber. Bigger and Rob. Flatt at the Pitsaw. Bricklayer and Houston Sen. under the Surgeons care. Smiths making Hatchets. Taylors at work for trade. Cooper making Rundletts. all the rest hauling firewood."

Mar. 21
" Tuesday Wind NW sharp clear weather. All hands employed as Yesterday. the Churchill Indians returned for that place as did all the Hunters to their Tents. Sent Jas. McPherson to Mr Lockey in the room of Andrew Garratt so that there is still 12 men on the Hunting Service."

Mar. 22
" Wednesday Wind variable from W to NW clear fine weather. All hands employed as on Monday last."

Mar. 23
" Thursday Wind variable from W to NE clear fine weather. Garratt, Guthrie, Dunch and Colling hewing Timber. Bigger and Rob. Flatt at the Pitsaw. Smiths making Hatchets for Inland. the Bricklayer Houston Sen. and Mowat under the Surgeons care. Isbester making Coats for trade. 12 abroad a hunting Cook Cowkeeper and Steward as usual the rest with the great Sled hauling firewood."

Mar. 24
" Friday Wind variable from SW to NE clear fine weather. All hands employed as Yesterday. An Indian came to the fort in a starving condition. he informs me several of our best hunters are so reduced by hunger as not to be able to get to the fort, and must perish if not immediately afsisted. sent three Indians with a quantity of food for their relief."

Mar. 25
" Saturday Wind S clear fine weather. the tradesmen employed as on Thursday last four men opening the watering hole, taking food and putting food into it, the rest with the great Sledge hauling firewood. Wm. Lockey bro't 63 Partruidges Robert Garroch 120 do. and one Martin, Edward Umfreville 90 do. three Martins and one Wolf. the Indian Hunters 156 in all 429 Partridges. all by the Gun."

Mar. 26
" Sunday Wind NW clear fine weather. Divine Service proper for the day."

Mar. 27
" Monday A hard Gale at NW very thick drifting weather too bad for the Hunters to go away or for the Men to work out of doors. All the Tradesmen at their various callings in doors, the rest picking Oakum. the Bricklayer and Houston that came out last Year still under the Surgeons Care."

Mar. 28
" Tuesday Wind NW very thick blowing drifting weather till 3 PM when it cleared but it cleared too late for the hunters to go away. All the Men as Yesterday. the distrefsed Indians mention'd on friday last came to the fort in bad plight. they brought 123 Martins, 206 Rabbets Skins, 11 whole Beaver 25 half, 2 Wolves and one Otter."

Mar. 29
" Wednesday Wind variable NEerly a low thick drift but a clear Zenith. All the hunters went away. Garrat Guthrie, Dunch and Colling squareing Timber. Bigger and Rob. Flatt sawing Boards for the Shipwright to repair the whale Sloop. Bews stocking a Gun. Shepherd Jobbing. Taylors at work for trade. the sick as on monday last, the rest hauling firewood. I beg leave to inform your honors that five Indians have been constantly employed in afsisting our Men to haul firewood &c."

Mar. 30
" Thursday Wind NW thick drifting weather till noon when clear. All hands employed as Yesterday."

Mar. 31
" Friday Wind NW clear fine weather. Sent the Shipwright and Eight Men to cut the Ice from about the Whale Sloop in order to the repairing her bends?, the rest employed as Yesterday."

Apr. 1 1780
" Saturday Wind variable from WBS to SSE warm clear weather. the Shipwright and twelve Men digging the Ice from the Wahle Sloop. four Men opening and cleaning the water hole. All the rest employed as Yesterday. Received 140 Partridges from the North River Tent and 320 from Indians. also 60 Rabbets & 2 Beaver."

Apr. 2
" Sunday Wind SW hot clear weather. Divine Service for the day."

Apr. 3
" Monday Wind SW clear fine weather the Shipwright and one Man at work on the Sloop. Mr George Holt and Eight Men doing sundry Jobs to the Charlotte Sloop. Andrew Garratt making Calumett Stems. Guthrie and Dunch hewing timber. Bigger and Rob. Flatt sawing plank. Bews stocking hunting Guns, two of which he hath well done in lefs time than McCorrest used to do. Shepherd making Spikes. Bricklayer patching up the Copper Chimney. Taylors at work for trade. Steward cleaning sundry Offices, the rest shov'ling Snow and cutting firewood. Henry Downey came to the fort with 70 Partridges. three familys of Indians came in for the Goose hunt poorly gooded and almost starved."

Apr. 4
" Tuesday Wind variable from SSE to NW clear fine weather. Mr Holt and two Men at the Charlotte Sloop. All the Tradesmen as Yesterday, the rest filling the Copper, brewing and Shov'ling Snow."

Apr. 5
" Wednesday fluttering winds from WBS to SW exceeding fine weather. the Brewers tunning Beer, the rest as Yesterday, the Hunter went to his Tent."

Apr. 6
" Thursday Light Airs from WBS to WNW charming weather. Cooper trimming Hds for the Goose tent the rest as Yesterday. Ja. McPherson bro't 150 Partridges."

Apr. 7
" Friday Wind variable from NW to N and back again. the Shipwright and Eight Men at work on and for the whale Sloop. Garratt and Dunch at work for a new NE shed. Bews repairing hunting Guns. the Cooper making Rundletts for Inland. Shepherd making Spikes. Taylors at work for trade. the Steward Cook and Cowkeeper as usual. Hugh Linklitter and Jn. Houston under the Surgeons care the rest getting Snow out of the works. McPherson returned to his Tent."

Apr. 8
" Saturday Wind variable from NE to NW blows fresh with Snow. four Men opening and cleaning the Victualling hole, the rest as Yesterday. Ja. Batt came with 70 Partridges and Rob. Garroch with 160 do., do. got at the fort 120 in all 350."

Apr. 9
" Sunday Wind NWerly the weather part clear part Cloudy. Divine Service for the day."

Apr. 10
" Monday Wind variable from NW to E in the morning thick Rime the rest of the day clear and fine. Armourer cleaning hunting Guns. Bricklayer beating back hair. Cooper at work on Rundletts. Garratt and Dunch at work for a new flanker. Colling, Guthrie & two Men at work on the whale Sloop. Smith making Spikes. Taylors at work for trade. Mr Holt and one Man on board the Charlotte Sloop, the rest with the great Sledge and Eleven Indians hauling firewood the Hunters went away. Our Indians returned with the Bay and Severn Letters."

Apr. 11
" Tuesday Wind SW charming weather. All hands as Yesterday. two Indians came in to trade."

Apr. 12
" Wednesday Wind NE Cloudy weather blows strong. All hands employed as on Monday last. the Indians of Yesterday went away."

Apr. 13
" Thursday Wind variable from NBW to NE in the morning a little Snow all the rest of the day clear and fine. All hands employed as on Monday last. gave 117 Indians their hunting feast as usual."

Apr. 14
" Friday Wind SW delightfull weather. Our Men still employed as on Monday last. All the Indians but one sick family went away for the Goose tents. All our E ern English Hunters bro't their things home and tho' Eight good Hunters brought but 76 Partridges."

Apr. 15
" Saturday Wind and weather as Yesterday. the Shipwright Mr Lockey and Eleven Men at work on the Ice about the Whale Sloop. four Men opening the watering hole. the several Tradesmen employed in their several Branches. the rest cutting firewood. our North River Hunters brought all their things home and 30 Partridges, 50 do. got at the fort during the last week."

Apr. 16
" Sunday Wind SW a S fine weather Divine Service for the day."

Apr. 17
" Monday Wind S clear warm fine weather. Bews who acts as Armourer mending hunting Guns. Bricklayer beating back hair. Cooper at work for Severn House. Andrew Garratt making a trading Chest for Mr Holt who with 3 Men is on board the Sloop. Guthrie making Gutters for drains. Dunch hewing Logs for a new NE Shed. Bigger and Flatt sawing for the Shipwright who with one Man is at work on the Whale Sloop. Shepherd making Spikes. Taylor at work for trade. Nichol Spence, George Gun, Jn. Houston Sen. under the Surgeons care. two writing. Steward Cook and Cowkeeper as usual. All the rest shov'ling Snow. in the Evening loaded the Goose Sledge."

Apr. 18
" Tuesday Wind variable from NW to N clear fine weather. all the Tradesmen employed as Yesterday. Sent Mr Lockey and 17 Men with the great Sledge and four Dogs to the fourteens with neccefsaries. two Men with the four Dogs and Eight Caggs of Shott got to that place. but the water was so deep in many places under the Snow that the Sled broke in and oblidged our People to unload her and they left most of the Casks &c near the Crofs Creek and returned with the empty Sled to the fort. At 1/2 past 9 at night I sent the great sled and twenty two Men and a Boat to the fourteens as it is now much Colder than in the day time, they have Orders to get all the Casks &c to the Tent before they return to the fort. an Indian brought 129 Partridges and a green Beaver."

Apr. 19
" Wednesday Wind variable from NNW to NE with Snow. All the Tradesmen employed as on Monday last the rest with the great Sled getting things to the fourteens Goose Tent. receiv'd 300 Partridges."

Apr. 20
" Thursday Wind NE the weather Cloudy with Rime and some Rain. Bews mending and cleaning hunting Guns. Bricklayer beating back hair. Andrew Garratt making a trading Chest for Mr Holt. Dunch and Guthrie at work on timber to build a new NE Shed. Cooper at work for Severn. Shipwright and five Men at work on the Whale Sloop. Smith making rivets for the Cooper. Taylor at work for trade, the rest shov'ling Snow."

Apr. 21
" Friday Wind NW clear fine weather. All the Tradesmen employed as Yesterday. Mr George Holt with all the spare hands digging the Ice from the Charlotte Sloop. Afternoon Snowy."

Apr. 22
" Saturday Wind variable from NW to NE cloudy snowy weather. four men opening and cleaning the watering Hole, all the rest as Yesterday."

Apr. 23
" Sunday fluttering wind all round the Compafs clear fine weather. Divine Service for the day. All the Indian Goose hunters came for food, gave them 10 days, they brought 140 Partridges."

Apr. 24
" Monday Wind SE clear fine weather. All hands exercising small Arms."

Apr. 25
" Tuesday Wind variable from SSE to E at 6 AM Cloudy the rest of the day clear and warm. some water along Shore. Bews cleaning hunting Guns. Bricklayer (a poor tool) beating back hair. Andrew Garratt making a trading Chest for Mr Holt. Guthrie and Dunch siding Plank. Cooper scalding Rundletts. Colling, Lockey and two Men at work on board the Whale Sloop. Smith making Spikes. Taylor at work for trade. Alex. Menzie and two Men went to stay on board the Charlotte Sloop. four Men packing Tobacco in Canvas for Inland. two writing. Edward Lutit and Jn. Houston Sen. under the Surgeons care, the rest cutting firewood and cleaning the Plantation."

Apr. 26
" Wednesday Wind variable from SE to NE to N to NNE clear fine weather. All hands as Yesterday. Received a Goose from the fourteens."

Apr. 27
" Thursday Wind variable from NW to NE a low Mist and thick Rime. All hands as Yesterday. the fourteens, french Creek and Ten Shilling Creek broke up. Much water along Shore."

Apr. 28
" Friday Wind from E to SE a looming on the E ern Shore clear weather. Eight Men cutting Poplar for the Charlotte Sloop. four Men taking food out of the watering Hole. All the rest as on Monday last."

Apr. 29
" Saturday Wind SE clear fine weather. four Men drawing of Brandy for Inland, the rest as Yesterday."

Apr. 30
" Sunday Wind variable Serly clear fine weather. Divine Service for the day. many Ducks seen to day. much water along Shore."

May 1 1780
" Monday Wind variable from N to NE cloudy weather. Bews cleaning hunting Guns. Cooper tightning Caggs. And. Garratt making a trading Chest for Mr Holt. Guthrie & Dunch planing Boards. Bigger, Thomas Linklitter and Jn. Houston Sen. under the Surgeons care. the Bricklayer lathing a part of the new flanker. Shipwright and one Man at work on the Whale Sloop. Smith making Spikes. Taylors at work for the men. four Men making Sinnetts to sling the Caggs going Inland. Mr Holt and five Men on board the Charlotte Sloop. the writers writing. All the rest cutting Poplar and shov'ling Snow. rec'd 2 Geese and one Duck. an Indian Lad died at the back of the Island. he had been three Years ailing with Scorbutic disorder which had deprived him of the use of his Limbs, one hand entirely rotted off, the other and both feet almost so, which render'd him a most miserable object."

May 2
" Tuesday Wind variable from NW to NE clear fine weather. All hands employed as Yesterday."

May 3
" Wednesday Wind NE clear fine weather. several Indians came in for food. All hands employed as on Monday last."

May 4
" Thursday Wind variable from SSE to SW the weather at 6 PM Cloudy and at nine do. Rain. Bricklayer and 10 Men setting the Lime kiln. William Guthrie and the Shipwright with one Man repairing the Whale Sloop, the rest as on Monday last."

May 5
" Friday fluttering wind all round the Compafs with Rain. At 6 PM the wind fixed at NW All the Tradesmen as Yesterday. three Men grinding Oatmeal. Six making Brooms, the rest variously employed."

May 6
" Saturday Wind variable from NW to NE the weather till 3 PM clear. all the Labourers filling the Copper. the Tradesmen at their several employs."

May 7
" Sunday Wind variable from NW to W and round to the NE clear fine weather. Divine Service for the day. this Channell broke up mildly one Mile below the fort."

May 8
" Monday Wind NW blows hard with snow at times. Wm. Bews, Benjamin Shepherd, Matthew Colling, Wm. Guthrie and two Men at work for and on the Craft. Mr George Holt, the Cooper and 2 men brewing table Beer. Bigger and Rob. Flatt sawing Logs to repair the Batterys, Dunch siding plank, Garratt repairing a Book Case. Bricklayer lathing the new flanker. Taylors at work for the Chief. five Men on board the Charlotte. 4 Men at work in the Gardens, the rest cleaning the sawing Yard &c."

May 9
" Tuesday Wind and weather as Yesterday. Myself, the Surgeon and four Men went to Tenshilling Creek to fish and recreate ourselves. but to our mortification had no luck, the rest of the Men as Yesterday."

May 10
" Wednesday Wind variable from W to NW to NE thick with Snow till noon when clear. Mr Stephenson and four Men went to Ten Shilling Creek, got three Trout and two Ducks. the Steward and four Men tunning the Beer brew'd on Monday last. All the rest of the Men employed as on Monday last."

May. 11
" Thursday wind variable from SW to NE the wea. Cloudy with Rain till 10 AM then clear and fine. All the Tradesmen employed as on Monday last, the rest variously employed. Eighteen Canoes of Bungeese came to trade, poorly gooded, it being apparent they have traded a part elswhere, they brought four Deer. two Heads, 2 Tongues, 2 Hearts, 2 Green Beaver, one Sturgeon and 4 Joints."

May 12
" Friday light Airs variable almost all round the Compafs. Mr George Holt yesterday sent me the following Letter"

" Dear Sir
I cannot say but I am very unhappy with respect to my Mate Alex. Menzie who, when I came on Board was much intoxicated. I took my Keys after observing that all was secure; and went to the Goose Stand in the Marsh, on coming on Board to dinner, he was so drunk, he could not tell what it was o'Clock, and began to abuse me much, (in consequence of my finding fault with him) on that account, but I have so much to say to you, and he has made me so very uneasy, no farther than that of Ryling my Temper; and that he does perpetually.
I have this day sent him on Shore on account of his bad behaviour, and hope to morrow you will sett him to such work as you think proper or as such a Man deserves.
I am very sorry to add anything that should increase your uneasinefs but hope you will feel for me, and I heartily do and Sympathise with You.
I am with the utmost
Respect Yours to Serve
George Holt.
Charlotte Sloop May 11th 1780"

" To the above Letter I returned Mr Holt the underwritten answer."

" May 11th 1780
Dear Sir
As you was present Sir, when I inform'd that Publick Nuisance Alex. Menzie that I wanted not to see him at York fort. You cannot wonder that I absolutely refuse him admittance into it. the Insults I have alrady received from him (was I to bear them tamely) might prove contagious and infect others who at present behave well. I feel for your Situation and think the Remedy is in your Power.
I remain Sir with great
truth your friend
Humphrey Marten
P.S. part of a fine Sturgeon to morrow at 2 PM or if better to palate a Rump of Venison."

" Honble Gentlemen
I cannot help acquainting you that the behaviour of Alex. Menzie when sober is unreprehensible, but sober he will never be, if Liquor is to be got at almost any Rate, and when he is in Liquor, he is not to be govern'd by either intreatys or Commands.
All hands employed as Yesterday, three Canoes Bungeese came to trade middlingly gooded. receiv'd four Deer, traded with several of the Indians."

May 13
" Saturday Wind variable from S to NW cloudy warm weather with Rain. As Mr Holt with his People are on board the Charlotte Sloop, I shall take no other notice of them, than that they are supplied with every neccefsary from the fort, and that the Sloop is still in her winter Station. All the tradesmen employed in their various callings, the rest cleaning Houses, Yards &c no Geese to be got."

May 14
" Sunday Wind variable from NW to NE cloudy warm weather. Divine Service suitable to the day. Receiv'd 11 Buck and 4 doe Deer, 11 Heads, 11 Tongues, 11 Hearts, 11 Briskets of Deer. a great help as Geese are so very scarce."

May 15
" Monday Wind SE clear hot weather. Bews mend'g Guns. Cooper trimming Casks. Garratt mending a writing Desk. Guthrie and Dunch at work for the intended new Shed. Bricklayer making Laths. Shipwright and one Man at work on the Craft. Taylor at work for trade. Jn. Houston Sen. and Wm. Mowat very ailing. Smith making Spikes. sent 6 Men for a Stick to make a BoltSprit to the Whale Sloop, the rest with the steward skinning Deer, salting and Casking Venison. Received 6 Buck and 2 Doe Deer."

May 16
" Tuesday Wind variable from S to SE cloudy warm weather. At 6 PM clear. Bricklayer and Eight Men drawing the Lime Kiln, the rest as Yesterday. received 10 Bucks, 2 Does, 8 Heads, 8 Tongues and 9 hearts."

May 17
" Wednesday Wind SW hot clear weather till 6 PM when Rain. All hands except 4 that went with the Surgeon and me to tenshilling Creek, employed as Yesterday. Received 18 Bucks 5 Does 23 Tongues, 20 Heads, 20 Hearts, 20 Brickets, 11 Trout and one Jack."

May 18
" Thursday Wind NWerly morning cloudy afternoon Clear Sent 14 Men to the woods for Timber Stockades and fireing. sent 4 a whaling, no luck. Bricklayer and two Men drawing the Lime Kiln. Shipwright and one Man making a Bowsprit. Steward Cooper and 6 Men, Salting Venison and stowing it away. two at work in the Gardens. Bews and Shepherd at the forge for the Sloop. Guthrie and Dunch making Wedges, Garratt a Box, three writing."

May 19
" Friday Wind variable from N to NE clear weather. went with a Boat and 4 men a fishing, 4 Jack and 7 Trout, all the rest as Yesterday. Receiv'd 19 Bucks, 4 Does, 21 Tongues, 22 Hearts, 21 Heads, 21 Briskets & 21 back bones; Charlotte Sloop came abreast the fort."

May 20
" Saturday Wind Eerly At 6 AM foggy the rest of the day Clear. very little Variation in the Employment of the Men. Receiv'd 10 Deer with their Heads Hearts Tongues &c."

May 21
" Sunday Wind variable SEerly a fresh Gale clear cheerfull weather. Divine Service for the day. 9 Canoes came to trade, 4 of which Bungeeze, 5 North River Indians, the latter well gooded. Received 3 Green Beaver, 6 Geese & two Deer."

May 22
" Monday Wind variable from SSW blows fresh and Clear. All hands (except the Armourer, Shipwright and his afsistant who were employed in their several branches) Salting and Casking Venison. 2 Indians came with a Letter from Mr Lockey at the fourteens Goose Tent, whch informs me they have had a very poor season of Geese not three Hds salted."

May 23
" Tuesday Winds variable exceeding Hot weather the Thermometer at 3 PM 80. Sent a Boat and four Men to the fourteens, returned with 2 Hds Geese; Powder Shott &c. Received 12 Deer Heads, Tongues &c. traded with several of the Indians, 4 Canoes came to trade, poorly gooded. 24 fish from our Netts."

May 24
" Wednesday Wind variable from NW to NE Cloudy with small Rain at intervals. all last night loud thunder with much lightning but no Rain. four Men Whaleing not a fish. the Armourer, Smith, Shipwright and Cooper at work in their several Callings. one at the Gates, five stowing away Venison, the rest watching the Indians and afsisting in the trading Room, finish'd with all the Indians."

May 25
" Thursday Wind variable from N to NE Cloudy weather with a little Rain. Wm. Lockey, George Hudson and Magnus Annell came with all the Goose Hunters from the fourteens, they have had a very bad season. five Men at the Prefs the rest as Yesterday. 18 fish from the Netts."

May 26
" Friday Wind variable from NNW to NW and back to NE in the morning foggy all the rest of the day cloudy with Rain. received 51 Buck Deer, 50 Tongues, 50 Hearts 50 Heads, 50 Briskets, 50 back bones and Necks all good Meat. the Wooders came with Timber, Stockades, firewood and Poplar for the Ship; the Indians of Tuesday inform me that one of the best North River Leaders, with his Gang is gone to Churchill to trade, being afraid to come here he having killed a Bungee Indian with circumstances of Cruelty too horrible to mention. this will be a great lofs to this place, they being both good Traders besides this Lofs I am inform'd of the natural deaths of two good Bungee Leaders, bad news indeed. All hands busy with the Venison."

May 27
" Saturday Wind variable from N to SW in the morning Cloudy Afternoon Clear. One at the Gates. Cooper casking Venison. All the rest carrying the Timber and firewood up the Bank. many Indians went away."

May 28
" Sunday A Brisk Gale SWerly with warm wea. till noon when the wind flew round to NW and at 6 PM to NE and blew very hard with Rain and very Cold. Divine Service for the day. many Indians went away but the North River Indians are Wind bound."

May 29
" Monday Wind NE blows very hard with a great Drift of Snow very cold weather. Bews and Shepherd at work for the Craft. Garratt making a Case. Guthrie and Dunch at work for the intended new Shed. Cooper Casking Venison. Bricklayer mixing Lime. 14 Men preparing for the Woods, the rest variously employed."

May 30
" Tuesday Wind variable from NNW to SSW clear fine weather. All the Tradesmen as Yesterday. All the rest getting Snow out of the Yard. two Bungee Leaders came to trade with four Canoes, pretty well gooded. Several Indians came in with Venison Viz. 14 Deer 8 of which Buck, 5 Heads, 5 Tongues."

May 31
" Wednesday Wind variable from WBS to SW clear hott weather. Bews mending Indian Guns. Bricklayer lathing the new flanker. Cooper trimming Casks for furrs. Dunch repairing the flooring of the North flanker. Garratt making a Bottle Case. Guthrie patching up the Outer Stockades. 5 hands afsisting him. Colling & one Man at work on the Whale Sloop. Sent 14 Men to the Woods for Stockades and firing. the Steward, Cook, & Gatekeeper as usual, the Smith Jobbing, the rest variously employed."

June 1 1780
" Thursday A strong Gale at SW with Rain at intervals moderate as to heat. All hands as Yesterday. Received 31 Bucks, 3 Does, 75 feet, 30 Tongues, 31 Hearts, 30 Heads, 31 Backs and Necks."

June 2
" Friday Wind variable from N to NE blow'd hard till 2 PM Cloudy Cold weather. All hands Skinning and salting Venison, the Indians very troublesome for Brandy."

June 3
" Saturday Wind variable from S to SE in the Morning Thunder with a few drops of Rain afternoon Clear. All the Tradesmen employed as on Wednesday last, the rest stowing away Venison & removing flour-"

June 4
" Sunday Wind SW till 1 PM a moderate Breeze when it flew round to the NW variable to N with heavy Rain loud thunder and strong lightning. the Thermometer was at 87 At 9 PM 44 by midnight 34. all above the Cypher. All the Indians went away."

June 5
" Monday Wind NW cloudy with Rain. At 3 PM a fresh Breeze much Snow all last night. Bews, Shepherd, Colling, Lockey and four Men at work on the Craft; Guthrie and Dunch at work for the new Shed. Cooper trimming Casks. Bricklayer skreening Lime, one helping him; 14 Men at the woods, three writing. five Packing Deer Skins &c. the rest shov'ling Snow and cleaning the Yard. myself bad with a bruised Leg which hath brought on the Gout. David Sinclair belonging to the Charlotte came on Shore Ill."

June 6
" Tuesday Wind variable from NE to NW cloudy wea. much Snow last night. the Men that packed Skins Yesterday afsisting Mr Holt in paying the Charlottes sides, all the rest as Yesterday. Garratt bad with a cutt hand."

June 7
" Wednesday Wind variable from SW to NE cold disagreeable weather at night a sharp frost the weather moderately clear. three Men drying Deer Skins the rest as Yesterday. receiv'd 2 good Buck Deer."

June 8
" Thursday Light Airs from W to SE clear fine weather. All hands employed as Yesterday. the Wooders brought 16 small floats of Stockades and firewood."

June 9
" Friday Wind variable Serly a little Rain in the Monring the rest of the day clear and fine. All hands getting the wood up the Bank."

June 10
" Saturday Wind variable from NW to NE weather chiefly cloudy finish'd getting the wood up the Bank.Receiv'd a fine Buck Deer and 6 large Jack."

June 11
" Sunday Wind NE much Snow last night and part of this morning. Divine Service for the day."

June 12
" Monday Wind variable SWerly At 6 AM Cloudy the rest of the day clear. Sent Eight Men to the Woods for Stockades and fireing. Sent four to the North River Whaleing. Shipwright at work on the Charlotte as he hath been for several days past. Bricklayer and One Man at Plaistering the new flanker. Bigger and One Man at the Pitsaw. Cooper trimming Casks. Garrat, Guthrie and Dunch at work for a new Shed. Bews and Shepherd at work for the Charlotte. two writing. Steward and Cook as usual, the rest filling the Copper."

June 13
" Tuesday Wind variable from W to NBW the weather till 6 PM clear and fine. Sent three Men up the River a fishing. two Men Brewing Wm. Lockey and one Man tarring Ropes. All the Carpenters Sawyers and three Men taking down the NE Shed 20 fish from the Netts."

June 14
" Wednesday Wind variable from E to SW the weather part clear part Cloudy two Men tunning Beer. All the rest as Yesterday. Received 5 Bucks and 2 Does, 5 Heads, 5 Tongues, 5 Hearts and 5 Briskets."

June 15
" Thursday Wind variable from WBN to NE Cloudy weather much Rain last night. Armourer and Smith at work for the Craft. the Bricklayer and one Man lathing the new flanker. Cooper trimming Casks for furrs. All the House Carpenters and four Men taking down the NE Shed which indeed is very rotten. Shipwright at work on the Craft. Eight Men at the Woods, four in the North River Whaleing, three up the River fishing two writing, two at work in the Gardens, the rest various."

June 16
" Friday Wind variable from EBS to NE cloudy weather and Rain. All hands as Yesterday. 10 fish from the Netts."

June 17
" Saturday Wind variable from NW to NE cloudy weather with some Rain. Our fishermen brought 20 Jack. the Whalers came home, not a single fish. All the rest as Yesterday."

June 18
" Sunday Wind variable from NW to EBN clear fine weather till 9 PM. an Indian brought one small Deer 30 Tongues and 30 lb fatt. Myself and Surgeon took an airing in a Boat up the River. fishermen went away."

June 19
" Monday Wind in the Northern Quarter clear fine weather. Armourer and Smith at work for the Whale Sloop. Bricklayer and One man plaistering the new flanker. Garratt, Guthrie and Dunch with three Men laying the foundation of a new NE Shed. Shipwright and two Men making Steps for Beacons. Cooper trimming Casks. Bigger and one Man sawing for the Craft. five Men packing up Deers Pelts. Eight at the Woods. three up the River fishing. One at work in the Gardens. Cook and Steward as usual. three clearing away Rubbish. two Indians brought a few Deer Skins a little fatt and dryed Meat."

June 20
" Tuesday Wind NEerly clear fine weather. All hands as Yesterday the Wooders came with 10 floats of firewood and Stockades."

June 21
" Wednesday Wind chiefly SW and clear fine weather. the Shipwright and one Man at work on board the Whale Sloop. All the rest except Andrew Garratt Wm. Mowat James Batt and three Men that are fishing getting the Wood up the Bank. the first three are under the Surgeons care."

June 22
" Thursday Wind variable from WSW to NE Clear fine weather. Bews and Sheppherd, the Shipwright and Mr Lockey and three Sailors at work on board the Craft. Guthrie, Dunch, Bigger and three Men at work on the NE Shed. the Bricklayer and one Man plaistering the new flanker. Garrat. Geer, and Batt bad with Strains, Mowat in a Decline. Cooper Steward and five Men packing Small furrs, three at work in the garden. Taylor at work for the Men, the rest various. an Indian brought 150 lbs Sturgeon, and our fishermen 17 Jack and four Trout."

June 23
" Friday Wind SWerly fine weather. All the Men (except three I sent up the River a fishing) employed as Yesterday. May it please your Honors to be inform'd that Mr George Holt early this Morning inform'd me that on his going on Board the Charlotte Sloop at 6 AM he found his Mate Alex. Menzie much intoxicated, that on Mr Holts speaking to Menzie, he damned him gave him a Challenge and abused him in a very grofs manner. said the great Lubber on Shore had spoiled him, and swore he would not sail with Mr Holt, on which account Mr Holt desired, I would spare Rob. Garroch in his Room as he could not depend on a Man that was always drunk, when Liquor was to be got, and that Menzie was not scrupulous in regard to the means he used to obtain Liquor, tho' after he had Purloin'd it, he would pay for it; after due deliberation it was agreed that Menzies should go to Churchill with Mr Lockey and Rob. Garroch with Mr Holt. I also spared Rob. flatt to afsist Mr Holt he being one Man short of his Compliment."

June 24
" Saturday Wind in the NE quarter a fresh Gale and Cloudy weather. All the Tradesmen and Sailors employed in their several callings, the rest cleaning the several Offices."

June 25
" Sunday Wind as Yesterday. Diivine Service for the day. At night blew very hard."

June 26
" Monday Wind in the NE Quarter clear fine weather. Bews, Shepphard, Colling, Mr Lockey and four Men at work on the Craft. Guthrie, Dunch, Garratt, Bigger & three Men at work for the new Shed. Cooper and Steward overhauling Casks. Myself and 5 Men examining the furrs packed last Year. Taylor at work for the Men. Wm. Flatt and Moncrief Tate not well, three up the River a fishing. two Brewing, Received 7 Buck Deer, 40 Tongues, 20 Heads, and 8 Hearts."

June 27
" Tuesday Wind and weather very little different from Yesterday. All hands employed much the same as Yesterday. Received 40 Tongues, 20 sides dryed meat 10 Briskets and 20 lb fatt also 4 Deer."

June 28
" Wednesday Wind variable in the SE quarter fine warm weather. Part of Mr Holts people brewing Beer for their Voyage to the Northward. Mr Lockey and three Men laying Buoys the rest as Yesterday. At 11 AM Robert Longmore, James Wafs, James Spence Sen., Henry Burney, and Edward Wishart with a party of Indians in all 13 Canoes in which were 2 Captains 5 Lieutenants and 2 Young Men arrived. on examining Robert Longmore why so many Leading Indians were employed to bring down the furrs, he replyed that no others could be got, and that it was with much difficulty those could be persuaded to come with him; the Expences arising on this account is immense, and notwithstanding I gave them full Suits with a large quantity of Liquor, yet on my going out of the Gates, I was insulted greatly, and on my resenting the Insult, one of the Young Men was called to bring a Knife to stab me. It is true many of the Indians did not behave in this very daring manner, which I believe proceeded from the treatment the intended Afsafsin received, for farther account of the Indians incorrigible behaviour. I humbly refer your honors to Mr Wm. Tomisons Letter dated May the 29th and Copied in the Correspondence Book."

June 29
" Thursday Wind variable from SW to SBE the weather exceeding Sultry. many large fires appear by Smoke in different directions from the fort; none apparently nearer than 20 Miles from the fort. if made by Indians or accident of Lightning uncertain; All the Tradesmen employed in their various occupations. Mr Lockey and three Men got up the Long Boat from her winter Birth. the Charlotte's People Brewing, the rest of the Men packing Goods for Inland."

June 30
" Friday Wind variable in the E ern quarter the weather extremely hot. All hands employed as Yesterday till Noon, when those that were working exposed to the Suns Rays were permitted to leave off. many Indians came with Deer Skins and dryed Meat, tongues and fatt 12 Deer bro't to the fort."

July 1 1780
" Saturday Wind in the Southern quarter the weather part clear part Cloudy. All hands employed as Yesterday."

July 2
" Sunday Wind SE the weather clear and fine till the Evening when Rain."

July 3
" Monday Wind variable from SSE to N with a little Rain, Musketoes very troublesome. All the Tradesmen employed in their several callings, the rest afsisting in Packing goods for Inland. Mr Wm Tomison with a party of English and Indians arrived at the fort with a large afsortment of furrs, sorry I am to say about 1200 Made Beaver is left at Cumberland House for want of Hands to bring them down. Mr Tomison is very much alter'd for the worse by the great fatigue he hath undergone."

July 4
" Tuesday Wind variable from N to E a fog in the morning with some Rain. gave Mr Lockey his sailing Orders. All the tradesmen employed in their several callings, the rest packing goods for Inland."

July 5
" Wednesday Wind NW with much Rain in the morning. the Indians as usual very eager for Brandy and consequently troublesome. All hands, tradesmen included, packing goods and making Cases for Inland. Mr Holt ready for Sailing. My distrefs at this time is very great as I am oblidged to disobey your Honors orders in regard to the Mens wages, Or give up the Inland Expedition, for Goods cannot be got Inland if the Old Hands are taken from us. 20,000 made Beaver would have been traded by your Inland Servants this Year had we been supplied with Men, suffic't to get goods up to trade that number; in fact Gentlemen, 60 Men are required for Cumberland and Hudson House which would soon sicken the Canadians. I speak Bluntly Sirs, but Honestly. Mr Tomison informs me that he was oblidged to entrust 1248 made Beaver to the care of Indians solely, that they sett off with those Skins some time before he and his party came from Cumberland House they are not yet arrived."

July 6
' Thursday Wind variable Nerly clear fine weather. All hands tradesmen included at work for Inland. Twenty five Men getting ready for Inland. Mitchell Omen very lame. Smoake'd and Bargain'd with 10 Canoes of Indians to take goods to Cumberland House exceedingly exorbitant are they in their demands."

July 7
" Friday Wind variable from SSW to WBN and back to W the weather part clear part cloudy with Rain. Mr George Holt and 7 Men sailed for the Nward, as did Mr Wm Lockey and five Men for Churchill. 25 Men preparing for Inland. All the rest as Yesterday. Seven Canoes arrived with furrs from Cumberland House."

July 8
" Saturday Wind variable from WBS to NEBE the weather variable flying Showers with Rain, thunder and Lightning. Much thunder last night. George Hudson and James Wafs sett off with 10 Canoes of Indians and 2350 made Beaver in trading Goods for Cumberland House. All the rest overhaul'g and packing the furrs brought from Inland."

July 9
" Sunday wind NEerly in the morning fogg & Rain afternoon clear. All hands employed packing Goods for Inland and overhauling furrs brought from thence."

July 10
" Monday Wind and weather much the same as Yesterday. All hands employed on Inland affairs. two Indians came in from the Eward bro't some dryed Meat and fatt. informed me more Indians were over the River with dryed meat, as fresh Meat is very acceptable to the Uplanders. sent a Boat with the Surgeon and four Men to bring what they have to the fort, returned with a large supply but not more than is needfull having now 122 Indians great and small to feed."

July 11
" Tuesday Wind variable from WSW to NE and back to SW clear moderate weather. All the men employed as Yesterday."

July 12
" Wednesday Wind (what little there is) in the Southern quarter. the weather very sultry much thunder and lightning last night. many Smoaks up Country. paid many Indians to carry goods Inland."

July 13
" Thursday Wind in the Wern quarter, the weather extremely sultry. finish'd packing goods for Inland, paid several more Indians and fitted out 23 Englishmen for Inland 16 Canoes sett off with trading goods &c for Cumberland House Viz. 4748 besides Stores."

July 14
" Friday Wind in the NE quarter Cloudy foggy wet weather. 19 English with a party of Indians sett off for Cumberland House. Shipwright the Long Boat. Carpenters at work on and for the new Shed, the rest of the Men packing Inland furrs and many other Jobbs. Mr Wm Tomison, three more Englishmen, and a party of Indians are yet at the fort. Mr Tomisons Papers not being adjusted, and his Letters for Europe wrote; Trading goods in made Beaver sent by Mr Longmore &c this day is 1896 besides Stores and Provisions."

July 15
" Saturday Wind at 6 AM SW with a thick low fog. At 11 AM flew round to NW and blew very strong varying sometimes to N with Heavy Rain. 4 Canoes of Indians sett off with trading goods and Stores for Cumberland House. four Home Indians came with One Deer, 40 Ducks, 20 large Jack and Six Geese. Bricklayer and one Man building the Mens Oven. Taylors at work for the Men. Carpenters Shipwright and Smiths at their proper callings. three writing. Cooper trimming Casks, the rest cleaning warehouses &c. one of the Upland Indians very lame on the Plantation and must with his family stay at the fort. drew off more Brandy for Inland. 525 Gallons in the whole. the leakage of one Pipe of Brandy received last fall 20 Gallons."

July 16
" Sunday Wind variable from NW to NE with Rain most part of the day. an Indian and his family that went away Yesterday returned back with a Pain in his back, he brought 300 made Beaver in goods back with him, very busy in getting the Inland Account made up."

July 17
" Monday A stiff breeze at NW with rain. finished the Inland affairs when we find the Furs brought from thence amount to 9657 19/30 made Beaver. Furs on the pafsage down 173 Beaver. Furs left at Cumberland House 1248 Beaver. in all 11,078 19/30 made Beaver traded this year Inland. 6160 odd of which were traded at your honors new settlement called Hudson House. the Amount of English Trading Goods now sent Inland is 11, 391 Made Beaver. All the Tradesmen employed in their several callings the rest variously employed."

July 18
" Tuesday Wind variable from N to NW and back to NBE the weather variable flying showers. at 9 AM Mr Will. Tomison 3 English and a party of Indians set off in five Canoes for Cumberland House. have still on the plantation 2 Family's of upland Indians."

July 19
" Wednesday Wind variable Nerly clear fine weather. Will. Guthrie had the misfortune to cut his leg badly. All the rest getting the launch down. about 80 young and Old home Indians came to the Fort with a little dryed Meat and upwards of 100 Deer skins. Set three nets."

July 20
" Thursday Light airs variable from NW to SW fine moderate weather. an Indian arrived from Cumberland House with 173 made Beaver which is the whole of what was sent from thence by Mr Tomison. Myself and Surgeon took an airing to Ten shilling Creek got 13 Fish. All the Tradesmen employed in their several callings. This evening the back part of the brewing copper which is of wood was observed to be on fire, occasioned by the badnefs of the repair this nominal Bricklayer had given the Chimney; being timely discovered thank God no mischief insued."

July 21
" Friday Light airs Werly very thick weather occasioned by the woods being set on fire in sundry places, many of which appear not to be above 20 Miles distance as the smell of fires is very strong at the Fort. wether the woods are set on fire by the Natives purposely or accidently by their leaving their fire places carelefsly, or by Lightning we know not. The Indian of yesterday having consented to carry Goods to Cumberland House Myself and three men packed 320 made Beaver for that place. - Andrew Garrat, Tho. Dunch, Walter Bigger and 2 Men at work on the new shed after the launch was finished which was at 10 AM. Colling at work on the long boat. Taylors at work for the Men. Smiths doing sundry Jobs. Cooper and one Man setting his work shop to rights. the Bricklayer and one man building an Oven for the Men. Will. Guthrie lame, Will. Mowat and Crief Tate ailing. one at work in the Garden. Cook and Steward as usual. 10 Tickomeg & 3 Jack from the Nets."

July 22
" Saturday Wind variable in the Northern quarter tho' we are entirely overcast with smoke. an Indian called the Sandfly set off with 320 made Beaver for Cumberland House. two upland Indian families still remain lame on the plantation. Two Indians came to the Fort with 3 Buck Deer and 40 Tongues with 10 Jack Fish, they say the woods on the North side of the North River are on fire from almost abreast of Five fathom hole to 40 Miles distance upwards, that they were set of Fire by accident but how that happened they cannot say. all hands employed much as yesterday. 8 Fish from the Nets"

July 23
" Sunday Wind variable from W to SW the air somewhat clearer. Divine Setvice for the day. 10 fish from the Nets."

July 24
" Monday a brisk gale at SW part of the Morning clear part cloudy with Thunder Lightning and Rain. afternoon the smoke as thick as ever. Bews and Shepard making spikes. Garrat, Dunch and one Man at work on the new Shed. Bigger and Wm. Flatt sawing Plank. Cooper trimming casks. Bricklayer and one Man building an Oven. Taylor at work for the Men. Shipwright and one Man at work on the Craft. three writing. one in the Garden. Cook and Steward as usual. the rest breaking Limestones. An Indian brought 10 Jack."

July 25
" Tuesday Wind variable from NW to SbE cloudy weather much rain all last night and the first part of this day. All the Tradesmen employed in their several callings the rest picking Oakum."

July 26
" Wednesday Variable winds all round the compafs weather in the morning clear the rest cloudy, strong gales with rain. the Men as yesterday. 13 fish from the Nets."

July 27
" Thursday Wind variable from NW to N cloudy squally weather. Armourer cleaning Guns. Bricklayer and one Man at work on the Mens oven. Cooper blocking rundlets for Inland. House Carpenters at work and one Man on the new shed. Shipwright & one Man at work on the Shallop. Smith at spike making. Taylors at work for the Men. three writing. Steward and Cook as usual. one at work in the garden, the rest breaking Lime stones. in the afternoon went to the Nets got 10 Fish."

July 28
" Friday Wind in the NEast quarter a fine breeze and moderate weather. at 2 AM the Whale Sloop was seen from the Fort. at 1/2 past eleven AM sent a Boat on board her with a little fresh food. in the afternoon the Sloop anchored abreast the Fort. Mr Lockey came on shore with his dispatches. In the morning all the men employed as yesterday; in the afternoon all hands unloading the Whale Sloop. I am very sorry to observe that instead of three Chaldron of Coals, we have not rec'd one and a quarter, and that meer rubbish; without Coals we cannot make Lime; consequently the Magazine, and other Bricklayers work cannot be carry'd on, nor Smiths work done. Indeed your Honors Factory's are miserably curtail'd in Coals, Canvas and Strong Beer, and this year Brandy, Tobacco Leaf; Roll and Brazil*, may too justly be added to the above list. A Canoe came to Trade with 3 1/2 Deer, 20 Tongues, 12 sides, 6 briskets of dryed meat and some Furs.
[In the margin "*NB One roll wanted 40 lb another 19 1/2 and several others were very deficient"]

July 29
" Saturday a fresh gale variable from SE to WbS fine weather. Bricklayer and six Men setting the lime kiln. Mr Lockey and five Men on board the Sloop, 4 men afsisting in unloading the Sloop, the rest as Yesterday. two Indians brought 50 Geese young and old."

July 30
" Sunday Wind Westerly clear fine wea. a Canoe brought a Buck Deer. busy in overhauling."

July 31
" Monday Wind NWerly fore part of the day clear the rest cloudy. Bricklayer and one plaistering the oven chimney. Dunch and one Man at work on the new shed. Guthrie making rakes. Garrat not well. Cooper doing various Jobs. Smiths staightening old spikes. Shipwright, Mr Lockey and three Men at work on Board the Shallop. Myself Surgeon and two Men finished the overhaul. Cook and Steward as usual, the rest breaking Lime stone."

Aug. 1 1780
" Tuesday Fluttering winds all round the Compafs clear fine weather. Bricklayer and six Men setting the Lime kiln. Myself and 3 Men setting the Warehouses to rights, all the rest as yesterday."

Aug. 2
" Wednesday Wind variable from NW to SW clear fine weather. All the Men as yesterday. two Canoes came to Trade a few skins. rec'd three middling Deer."

Aug. 3
" Thursday Wind variable from W to E the weather part clear part cloudy.Myself and 4 Men overhauling the Trading Goods &c brought by the whale Sloop. found all right as to number but as to quality the Knives Shirts and Sugar far inferior to former Years. The knives broke flaw'd and rusty. the Roach and Long Knives Jumbled together. The Cloth the white Shirts are made of inferior to vittery, and the Sugar worse by a penny in the pound at least; The Tradesmen overhauling their various stores."

Aug. 4
" Friday Wind variable from EbS to NW much rain all last night and part of to day with Thunder to the southward the Men employed as follows. Bricklayer and two Men taking down the brewing Copper. House Carpenters at work on and for the new Shed. Biggers - and one sawing plank. Cooper making rundlets. Smiths staightning spikes. Shipwright Mr Lockey and 3 Men at work on the Shallop. Taylor at work for the Men. one tarring Gun Carriages, the rest getting Lime Stones."

---

" Remarks and Observations on the Inland Journals."

" July 2nd: William Walker says Peter Pond arrived at Cumberland House with three Canoes laden with 140 packs of Furs mostly Coat & Parchment Beaver each pack 90 lbs weight, consequently each pack upwards of 60 made Beaver, in the whole upwards of 8400 made Beaver. he had Traded the Cloaths of his back the Indians are so distrefsed and eager for European Goods. Will Walker or George Hudson should be sent to the North of Cumberland House with 4 or 5 Men and Trading Goods and as we greatly under sell the Canadians I am not in the least doubt that that, or treble that number would return well loaded. Pond had 25 Men with him when he went NWard, 10 English would do as much businefs 15 Frenchmen."

" Dec. the 15th a Canadian Canoe pafses Cumberland House winters 60 Miles below it and there cuts off much of your Honors Trade, four English as they undersell the Canadians would have in part if not entirely prevented this lofs."

" Mr Tomison in his Letter of Dec. 12th 1779 says Hudson House is 37 feet long, 27 wide and 17 high, a good stockade near 80 feet square to defend it. says the Trade will be lost for want of Brandy, Guns and Kettles. On my asking Mr Tomison what number of Men would be required to supply that House with a sufficient quantity of Goods, He declared as did Longmore, that 20 Men might be employed to great benefit; for with the few men that were at it, and afsisted in getting Goods and Stores to it; no lefs than 6160 made Beaver was traded there."

" William Walker in a Letter to Mr Tomison dated Jan. 4th says he had not Traded 20 made Beaver since Mr Tomison embarked, how should he when a larger Canoe than ordinary enters the Grafs River and cuts of the Trade that used to flow from that place. Six English might be employed to good account here."

" May the 10th; 24 Canoes arrived at Cumberland House many without Furs having traded with the Canadians - Supposing each Canoe originally to have had no more than 60 made Beaver (which is a very moderate calculation) amounts to 1440 made Beaver. could 4 or 6 Men have tented with these Indians the Major part of the Furs would have been brought to your Honors lower House."

" May the 13th: the Canadians Force the Indians to Trade with them. This they would not dare to do were your Servants Inland half as numerous as the Canadians are."

" May the 16th: plenty of Canoes. But no Men to man them. Needs no comment."

" May the 23rd. The Canoe that wintered below Cumberland House in the North River Track arrives at Cumberland House with 14 Packs. The Furrs caught by the North River Indians being of the lighter kind 70 made Beaver is a very moderate calcuation for each bundle of 90 lbs weight, the amount of Furs cut off by this Canoe consequently is 980 made Beaver. I will not presume to say whether the gain on 980 made Beaver would have defray'd the expence of sending six Men to have prevented that lofs."

" June the 1st. Primo with one Walden or Warden a Dutch Adventurer pafs by Cumberland House, say they have traded upwards of 200 French packs, which at 60 Beaver each is upwards of 12,000 made Beaver.
Summary of Furs mentioned to be traded by the Canadians in the Journals of Mr Tomison and Wm. Walker
Pond ----------------- 8400
Small ----------------- 980
Primo & Walden - 12000 and upwards
Total---------------- 21380 made Beaver
On asking Mr Tomison what Furs he thought might be collected by Holms, Jute Pangman &c he said he was pofsitive that they had traded as much or more than the above three."

" Remarks on Mefs Tomison and Longmoors Journals"

" Sept. 4th: Tracking Lines break several times. the Men and Goods thereby greatly endangered. This complaint is Justly founded the strands not being laid even, and full of kinks which greatly weaken the Lines.
October the 22nd: complaints made on Stores and Trading Goods too Justly founded. When your Honors Servants have with much Labour and Danger got up Goods to the straight distance of Five Hundred and Twenty one Miles from York Fort to find the Stores not fit for use, or the trading Goods to Trade is distrefsing to the greatest degree, and yet Mr Tomison is permitted to pick and chuse the goods he liketh best. the Cloth and Blankets are generally good. the Brandy of 1778 very good. I humbly represent to your Honors the Brandy rec'd 1779 is far inferior in strength and quality, nor are the Blankets (tho' far from bad) equal to those of the preceding year."

" Dec. the 31st: Four Men and six Women set off from Hudson House for the Canadians to Trade, neither Guns, Hatchets or Kettles at your Settlement. a full corroboration of what is afserted in Mr Tomisons Letter of Dec. 12 1779."

" Feb. 3rd: Wm. Holmes informs Isaac Batt that should a single Canadian fall by the hands of the Indians, not a man of your Honors Servants should be permitted to leave the Sas-ka-che-won River, which I think in plain English amounts to a declaration of falling on your Honors Servants as instigators of such murder. this threat is bravely tho' uncoothly answered by Mr Tomison in his Letter to Longmoor dated Feb. 15th in which he says the Canadians are more to be dreaded than the Natives. An increase of our numbers would soon intimidate the Canadians and ensure safety to your Honors Servants."

" March the 22nd. Longmoor is sure no lefs than sixteen Thousand made Beaver hath been lost at Hudson House for want of Goods. Hudson House is finely situated for Trade many Tribes of Indians that were not heard of till lately came there to Trade, was a bold stroke immediately struck it would be the grandest Mart of Trade in all the Northern parts of North America. was an Orkney Boat builder sent to Cumberland House, Boats might be built to carry four, five or Six Tons burthen, but no lefs number than One Hundred Men would be able to perform the requisite duties; this number will certainly surprize your Honors, but by what I can learn I will venture my Neck if such a number were Inland under the direction of Mefs Tomison and Longmore. a Fifty Thousand skin Trade would in a few years be sent from York Fort. Thus I have made my remarks Honestly and bluntly to your Honors. If I have given offence I humbly ask pardon. Zeal for your Interest prompted me to say what I have said; before I conclude I most heartily and humbly wish your present set of Canoe men may be enduced to stay. Mr Turnor was fully convinced of the great detriment your Trade would find, were they recalled, and hath set his hand to that opinion under the list of your Inland Servants for the last year."

---

" My own Journal resumed"

Aug. 5 1780
" Saturday Wind in the Morning SWerly at noon fluttering and variable afternoon NEery the weather part clear part cloudy. Myself, Wm. Lockey, Andrew Garrat, Walter Bigger and 7 Men went down to the Battery to collect all the spikes and other Iron work we could find. we got about 1200 Spikes of sizes and a good parcel of the old platforms to burn lime with. All the rest as yesterday. Rec'd a fine Buck Deer 40 Geese and 20 Ducks. one Canoe Bungeeze came with a few skins."

Aug. 6
" Sunday Wind in the NWern quarter cloudy rainy weather. the Indians of yesterday went away. no Divine Service to day on Account of the room being painting."

Aug. 7
" Monday wind still in the Wern quarter the weather part clear part cloudy. Bricklayer and one Man cleaning old bricks. all the real House Carpenters, Shipwright and one Man at work on the new Shed. Cooper making rundlets for Inland. Smith straightning spikes brought from the old Battery. Taylors at work for the Men. Bigger and one man sawing quartering. James Geer and 4 Men sent to the Hay Island to cut grafs. three Writing. Steward and Cook as usual. Mr Lockey and two Men looking after Buoys and Beacons two picking Oakum."

Aug. 8
" Tuesday Wind variable from W to N the day part clear part cloudy. Wm. Lockey and 3 Men employed in their profefsion, the rest as yesterday. set 4 Nets, only eight Tickomeg and one Trout."

Aug. 9
" Wednesday Wind variable from the NW to NNE most of the day cloudy. 4 North River Indians came thro' the Island to Trade a few skins. Several home Indians came with Deer skins and Fatt to Trade. All hands employed much the same as yesterday. Rec'd 40 Ducks and 10 Geese."

Aug. 10
" Thursday Wind variable all round the Compafs a small part of the day clear the rest cloudy with rain loud Thunder and Lightning. 4 Men making Foxes for the use of the Shipwright. 5 Men packing Deer skins. the rest as on Monday last."

Aug. 11
" Friday Wind variable from NE to E the weather part clear part cloudy. Bricklayer and 3 Men drawing the Lime kiln. sent another Man to the Hay Island. All the rest as yesterday. at 1/2 past 5 see a Sloop in the Offing but the Tide was too far spent to get in."

Aug. 12
" Saturday Wind variable from SW to SSW the weather cloudy with a few drops of Rain. The labouring hands clearing and clensing various offices. All the Tradesmen employed in their various callings. Early this morning see a vefsel working into 5 fathom hole she made a friendly Signal and at half past ten the Severn Sloop Master and Mr Cocking came on shore. the Sloop brought up about 1 1/2 Miles below the Fort not having flood sufficient to bring her up. in the afternoon she came to her proper Moorings."

Aug. 13
" Sunday Wind variable SEerly at times blew hard the weather cloudy with rain. got the Sloop to the launch and took out part of her Cargo, but the weather proved too bad to get all on shore. Two Canoes came with dryed Meat Fat and some Furs."

Aug. 14
" Monday Wind in the Eastern quarter with a foggy rain. unloaded the Sloop and ordered the Master to get ready for Sea. Armourer mending Indian guns. Bricklayer and one Man resetting the brewing copper. Andrew Garrat under the Surgeons care. Guthrie, Dunch and the Shipwright at work on the new Shed. Cooper making rundlets for Inland. Smiths at work for the Severn Sloop. Taylors at work for the Men. the rest afsisting in putting Stores &c on board the Severn Sloop as she is to sail for Churchill tomorrow. put 8 Hds Venison on board her for Prince Wales Fort. As I cannot spare English I sent 2 Indians to set Nets for fish got 90 Tickomeg."

Aug. 15
" Tuesday Wind variable from NW to SE and back to NE the weather cloudy rainy and foggy. Gave Mr John Turnor his dispatches and the Sloop fell down to 5 fathom hole. The labourers cleaning drains. the Tradesmen as yesterday. 2 Canoes of home Indians came with Deer skins an Indian brought a large Seal,- 15 Tickomeg-"

Aug. 16
" Wednesday Dark cloudy weather wind in the Northern quarter. All hands employed as yesterday. sent several Indians a hunting and 2 Canoes went up the river, and six Indians to the North river, 70 Tickomeg to day. The Sloop still in 5 fathom hole."

Aug. 17
" Thursday Wind NE much rain last night and to day raw cold weather. Severn Sloop still in 5 fathom hole. Andrew Garrat ill with a swelled testicle got by a bruise. The Tradesmen employed in their various callings. three writing. 2 making Foxes, the rest picking Oakum and doing other necefsary Jobs. 120 Tickomeg from Indians that look after our Nets."

Aug. 18
" Friday A fresh gale at NE till 3 PM when lefs wind at North the morning rainy afternoon clear. Armourer mending hunting Guns. the Bricklayer setting up the copper. Cooper making rundlets for Inland. Guthrie and six Men at work on drains. Dunch and Colling at work on the new shed. the Smith straightning old spikes. Taylors at work for the Men. And. Garrot still very ill. 3 writing, the rest various. Hoisted a way for the Severn Sloop it now growing late am fearful of detaining the Ship should the Sloop proceed for Churchill. the Sloop came to the launch got the Venison destined for Prince Wales Fort out of her. tomorrow she will fall down to 5 Fathom hole to wait for the Ship."

Aug. 19
" Saturday Wind westerly clear fine weather. All hands employed as yesterday except Myself Surgeon Will Lockey and 18 Men who went to the Point of Marsh to haul the Seine got 50 Fish of sorts. the Indians brought 100 Tickomeg. 80 from our Nets. A North River Indian with his gang came in with a few Furs 8 sides of Moose flesh and 100 lbs Fat and to take debt."

Aug. 20
" Sunday Wind variable from W to NNW clear fine weather. Divine Service for the day. Sloop fell down into 5 fathom hole. Indians went away sent some Brandy and Tobacco by them to uplanders. 80 Fish to day."

Aug. 21
" Monday Wind till 7 PM NE then SW the weather cloudy with a few drops of rain. Armourer mending hunting guns. Bricklayer and one Man setting up the copper. Andrew Garrat very ill. Dunch, the Shipwright and one Man at work on the new flanker. Cooper making rundlets for inland. Smith straightning old Spikes. Taylors at work for the Men. Peter Folster and Tho. Jenkins under the Surgeons care. Will. Guthrie and 4 Men laying drains. two Brewing in small Kettles. 6 at the hay Island. 3 writing. 200 Tickomeg from Indians and 40 from our Nets. Rec'd 3 large Seals. sent several Indians a hunting."

Aug. 22
" Tuesday Wind variable from SSW to SE and SSE haizy weather. At half after 5 AM the Severn Sloop made a Signal for seeing a Vefsel in the offing, on which we at the Fort fired the road signal, about 10 percieved her to be a Sloop, as the wind was foul and a strong land flood pouring down the river she did not reach 5 Fathom hole. All the Men employed as yesterday. Several Indians came with Ducks and one lean Deer. 100 Tickomeg from Indians and 36 from the Nets."

Aug. 23
" Wednesday Wind variable NEerly a close thick fog. Heard 10 Signal guns in the offing about noon (for we have not a good watch in the Fort) the Charlotte Mr George Holt came abreast the Fort, full laden with a part of our Cargo. he informs me a full cargo for the Severn Sloop is yet at Churchill. if wind and weather permits shall dispatch that Sloop for it tomorrow. All hands as yesterday; 46 Fish from the nets."

Aug. 24
" Thursday Wind variable from EbS to WbN the fore part of Day cloudy with a drizling rain afternoon flying clouds. All the Tradesmen employed in their various callings, the rest unloading and stowing away the cargo received from Prince of Wales Fort. Two Canoes of Bungeeze came to take debt and trade a few skins. rec'd 100 Fish from Indians and 20 from the Nets. salted one Hogshead of Tittomeg. - Severn Sloop sailed for Prince Wales Fort to bring the remaining part of our Cargoes."

Aug. 25
" Friday Wind variable from N to EbN weather mostly cloudy. All the Men employed as yesterday. 26 Fish from the Nets. Several Indians came in with Ducks and Plover."

Aug. 26
" Saturday Wind variable from W to SE the weather part clear part cloudy. gave Mr Holt his dispatches. Wm Guthrie and 8 Men at work on drains. And. Garrat and Peter Folster under the Surgeons care. Dunch and the Shipwright at work on the new Shed. Bews mending Indian guns. Shepard making Deer spears. Cooper making rundlets for Inland. Taylors at work for the Men. Bricklayer (a miserable tool indeed) and one Man setting the Copper. Cook and Steward as usual. Haymakers came home for food. a Bungee came to take debt."

Aug. 27
" Sunday Wind variable from W to SE the weather part clear part cloudy Divine Service for the day. Mr George Holt in the Charlotte sailed for Prince of Wales Fort. A Canoe of home Indians brought 2 fine Buck Deer, 2 Heads, 2 Tongues and 30 lbs Jack Fish, 20 lbs Fatt, 10 sides and 5 Briskets dryed Meat."

Aug. 28
" Monday Wind variable from SE to NE cloudy weather with rain at times. sent Wm Lockey with 3 men in the whale Sloop to lye in Five Fathom Hole to wait for the Ship. Armourer mending Indian hunting Guns. the Bricklayer and one Man plaistering the Copper and Copper Chimney. Cooper and two Men washing Casks to brew Table Beer. Dunch and the Shipwright at work on the new Shed. Guthrie and 5 Men at work on drains, Garrat, Folster, Jenkins and Mowat under the Surgeons care. Smith Jobbing. Taylor at work for the Men. 4 Men at the hay Island having ordered 2 home. the rest variously employed. sent several Indians a hunting."

Aug. 29
" Tuesday Wind NE the weather part clear part cloudy Myself and 4 Men brewing, the rest as yesterday."

Aug. 30
" Wednesday Wind variable from NW to E the weather clear and fine. All hands as yesterday. an Indian brought a Buck Deer and 40 Fish. A bout 10 this Morning observed a Signal on board the whale Sloop for a Ship being in the Offing. as we at the Fort could not see a Vefsel or hear any Guns, I sent a Boat on board the Whale Sloop and soon after fired the road signal. on the return of the Boat I was informed the Vefsel had not made the proper Signals. I sent the following Letter."

" Mr Will Lockey
As the Guns fired by the Ship in the Offing do not answer the York Fort signal I think it prudent you should be strictly on your guard, and observe if she hath an ensign on the top Ggallant mast head, and if when she may be supposed to be at the first buoy she fire two Guns. if these Signals are not made you are to come to the Fort as fast as pofsible.
I am Sir yours
Humphrey Marten."

" At or near 8 OClock at night our Boat returned with a Confused account of the number of guns fired. but the Flag Signal was very exact the Ship standing for 5 Fathom hole."

Aug. 31
" Thursday Wind variable from SE to NE cloudy weather with some rain. Capt. Christopher came on shore with your Honors Packet. People employed variously. 40 Fish from the Nets."

Sept. 1 1780
" Friday Wind variable from SSE to NW and from thence to NE cloudy weather with much rain in the Morning. all hands employed in unloading the whale Sloop, Shallop and long Boat, as the Shallop was going to the Ship she got aground on the crofs bar and is bulged. it being late before I was acquainted with the Accident must defer doing any thing to her until tomorrow. Sent two Indians with Letters to Churchill. The Captain went on board."

Sept. 2
" Saturday Wind variable from NW to SE clear fine weather got the Shallop to the Fort and repair'd her. see the Severn Sloop in the Offing unloaded the Whale Sloop and long Boat, and sent them to the Ship. stowed away part of the Cargoe."

Sept. 3
" Sunday Wind variable from SE to SW the weather till 7 PM clear then cloudy with rain. Mr John Turner came to the Fort says he hath been at cape Churchill but did not go to the Fort; that he spoke Mr Holt and saw the Churchill Ship that he returned to afsist in delivering the Ship, that the Sloop Severn in a hard gale of the Cape had pitched away her Top mast and Jibb boom. she brought up part of the Cargoe. The Shallop being repaired sent her to the Ship."

Sept. 4
" Monday Wind variable Werly the wea. part cloudy part clear. All hands employed relative to the Cargoe; rec'd 6 Deer, 10 heads, 10 Tongues."

Sept. 5
" Tuesday Wind SW clear fine weather. All hands employed as yesterday. 5 Canoes came with a few skins. 10 sides Moose & 40 lbs of Fat."

Sept. 6
" Wednesday Wind variable from SW to NW a fresh gale and charming weather. Discharged from your Hon. Service Henry Burney for bad behaviour. sent a part of the homeward bound Cargoe on board. Rec'd 3 Deer."

Sept. 7
" Thursday Wind NWerly very fine weather. All hands as yesterday. Entertaind Thomas Phillips and Wm. Appleby Mariners. Rec'd 3 Deer."

Sept. 8
" Friday Wind SWerly clear fine weather. All hands employed in recieving the outward bound and sending the homeward Cargoes. Three Canoes came with a few Furs and some Venison. Discharged Walter Bigger from your Hon. Service, notwithstanding this discharge he sculked in the Fort nor did I know it till the Craft sailed for the Ship. sent Venison and greens to the Ship."

Sept. 9
" Saturday Wind variable SErly much rain to day with Thunder and Lightning. Five Canoes came with fat, dryed Meat and a few Furs. Men writing their Letters."

Sept. 10
" Sunday Wind NWerly hard gales with much rain. made up the several Packets for 1779. Traded with the Indians of yesterday. The Ship waiting for Capt. Fowler."

Sept. 11
" Monday Wind variable NWerly flying clouds squally weather. Discharged from your Honors service James Geer, Alex. Menzie, Will. Flatt, John Houston Sen., John Hourston Jun., Andrew Garrat, Will. Mowat, Francis Picket, Tho. Jenkins, John Groundwater, John Cooper, Magnus Sclater and James Spence late Mr Cockings Servant. sent the Whale Sloop with the Pafsenger Chests and Bedding also. with Stones for the King George; that Ship is to bring us the remaining part of our last years Cargo which the Whale Sloop and Shallop is to recieve. sent Venison and sallading for the Ship."

Sept. 12
" Tuesday Wind variable with rain from W to NW and back to SW. Shipwright and one Man at work for the Severn Sloop. Bricklayer and one Man taking down part of the new Chimney it smoking so much as not to be bareable. the rest getting the Severn cargo on board."

Sept. 13
" Wednesday Wind variable from S to E clear fine weather. having waited four days for the Arrival of your Honors Ship King George, it is thought adviseable to close the Packet. I therefore humbly take my leave of the Honorable Board with wishing that succefs may ever attend the Hon. Hudsons Bay Company both by Sea and Land, and that every Gentlemen of the the Honorable Committee may enjoy every Felicity I remain
Honble Sirs Your Dutiful Servt.
Hump'y Marten"

" A True Copy."


B.239/a/78

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